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Tok Pisin & Hawai’i Creole English: English

Tok Pisin & Hawai’i Creole English: English. Wantoks or Siblings? c. Craig Alan Volker Professor of Linguistic Research Divine Word University, Madang, PNg cvolker AT dwu.ac.pg. Watpo sem sem?. Same Oceanic origin? Diffusion? Chance & universals?. Oceanic Origins.

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Tok Pisin & Hawai’i Creole English: English

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  1. Tok Pisin & Hawai’i Creole English: English • Wantoks or Siblings? • c Craig Alan Volker Professor of Linguistic Research Divine Word University, Madang, PNg cvolker AT dwu.ac.pg

  2. Watpo sem sem? • Same Oceanic origin? • Diffusion? • Chance & universals?

  3. Oceanic Origins • pau / pinis: Hanahana pau, orait, yufera slip.Wok pinis, orait, yupela slip. • pronounsSingularDualTrialPlural mi mituferamitriferamiferayu yutufera yutrifera yufera him (data not certain)

  4. Oceanic, in modern HCE, not in data • stap / stei durative: Ai laik stei tok stori. • bin / wen past: Ai wen bai da kain. • locative prepositions: andanit a da chri • transitive marker (“im”) : Yu no laik yusim hama? • answering negative questions

  5. Typical Oceanic not in data • inclusive / exclusive “we” • predicate marker (“i”) • no general preposition “long” • productive reduplication

  6. Oceanic but also Japanese • serial verbs of direction:Yufera kachi diswankam! / Gachi diswango! • no interrogative fronting:Yulaiki wat?

  7. Common with Chinese Pidgin English • bilong / birong: Him haus birong mi • -fela / -fera adjectives: Man him bigfera. Tufera gud wahine. • -fela / -fera determiners: wanfera man / *wanfera tebol

  8. Common English-derived words • conjunctions: olsem, sapos, taim, orait Olsem hanahana pau... • “ol” plural • adverbs of intensity: lelebet, tomachiRerebet mani, tomachi pirikia. • atingAting mi Japan go.

  9. Word order • usually SVO • so prepositions & det-adj-n:Wanfera gud wahine • sometimes SOV (like Japanese): Taim mi Japan go. • sometimes postpositions (like Japanese):Mistap ten klok made.

  10. Wantoks or siblings? • some words and morphemes have common ancestors • Structure in data not Oceanic • Some later diffusion into Hawai’i Creole English of Oceanic structures

  11. Mahalo tenkyu tru Craig Alan Volker, Divine Word University, ca.volker@yahoo.de

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