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Visual Perception Principles. Definition. ‘rules’ that we apply to visual information to assist our organization and interpretation of the information in consistent meaningful ways. When do we use them?. When we need to organize or make sense of something in our visual field
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Definition ‘rules’ that we apply to visual information • to assist our organization and interpretation of the information in consistent meaningful ways.
When do we use them? • When we need to organize or make sense of something in our visual field • When something is inconsistent or incomplete • Is it a conscious effort to do this? Not usually.
When do we see them in everyday life? • Advertising to distract you • Painting for depth and texture cues • Different colour road work signs to make sure they stand out.
Three Categories of Perceptual Principles • Gestult Principles • Depth Principles • Perceptual Consistancies
Gestult Principles • A German word meaning form or shape • Gestalt principles of visual perception refer to the ways in which we organise the features of a visual scene by grouping them to perceive a whole, complete form. • Gestalt principles help us construct a meaningful whole object from an assortment of parts that, when considered as individual bits, lack any real meaning.
Types of Gestult Principles • Figure Ground Organisation • Closure • Similarity • Proximity
Figure Ground The viewer classifies the information in the visual field so that prominent and relevant stimulus is identified against plainer surroundings • Figure – the prominent in the centre of our focus • Ground – the back ground or plainer stimulus. • Separated by a line called a contour Face or vase?
Figure Ground • Separated by a line called a contour • A type of perceptual organization that involves distinguishing edges of regions for the purpose of shape determination and determination of shape across an edge.
When do we use figure ground? • Traffic signs • Reading • Looking at photographs • M.C. Escher’s paintings • When the figure could be the ground and the ground could be the figure it is said to be REVERSIBLE (M. C. Escher) • CAMOFLAGE occurs when figure and ground are not easily separated (Emma Hack)
Closure • the perceptual tendency to mentally ‘close up’, fill in or ignore gaps in a visual image and to perceive objects as complete (‘whole’)
Similarity • the tendency to perceive parts of a visual image that have similar features such as • size, • shape, • Texture • Colour as belonging together in a unit, group or ‘whole’. (are the vertical or horizontal lines more prominent?)
Examples of similarity Any type of uniform
Proximity • The tendency to perceive parts of a visual image which are positioned close together as belonging together in a group. • When stimuli are located near one another they are perceived as belonging together.
Global and Local • In proximity the bigger picture or group is made up of smaller individual pieces. • The larger group is called the global level • The individual pieces is the local level. • On the left the global and Local letters are the same. On the right the global and Local letters are different.
