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Dive into the intricate structure and vital functions of the spinal cord, including spinal nerves, meninges, and autonomic control. Get insights on white and gray matter, reflex arcs, and more.
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Nervous System II • Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves • Meninges and Cerebro-spinal fluid (CFS) • Autonomic Function
Spinal Cord Cross Section(drawing on handout--showing reflex arc) • White matter (myelinated “tracts”) • Gray matter (cell bodies) • Ventral horn--motor neurons • Dorsal horn--interneurons for sensory • Dorsal Root--sensory • Ventral Root--motor • Spinal Nerve • Dorsal Ramus (to dorsal mm., skin) • Ventral Ramus (to ventral limbs mm., skin) • Dorsal Root Ganglion • Sensory Neuron • Somatic Motor Neuron
Spinal nerve (cross section through thorax--on handout) • Dorsal Root Ganglion • Ventral root • Spinal Nerve • Dorsal Ramus • Ventral Ramus • (Where would you find the ventral ramus relative to the ribs) • (Look for lateral cutaneous nerves on your cat!!)
What are meninges? • Connective tissues around spinal cord • For protection • For nutrition • Three layers • Pia mater • Arachnoid mater • Dura mater
Pia mater (deep) • delicate • highly vascular • adheres to brain/sp cd tissue • Subarachnoid space (where CSF flows) • Arachnoid mater (middle) • impermeable layer = barrier • raised off pia mater by rootlets • Spinal Dura Mater • single dural sheath
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic • Why double innervation? • Paraympathetic keeps “normal” rhythms, functioning--all calm • Sympathetic is “fight or flight” fear response