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2011 Fatality Summary

2011 Fatality Summary. United States Parachute Association. USPA Membership 1956-2011. 1961-2011 Fatalities. Five-Year Averages 1997-2011. Ten-Year Averages 1960-2010. 2011 Fatalities. 25 Total. 2011 Canopy Related Fatalities. 13, or 52% of the total. Canopy Collisions — 7.

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2011 Fatality Summary

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  1. 2011 Fatality Summary UnitedStates ParachuteAssociation

  2. USPA Membership 1956-2011

  3. 1961-2011 Fatalities

  4. Five-Year Averages 1997-2011

  5. Ten-Year Averages 1960-2010

  6. 2011 Fatalities 25 Total

  7. 2011 Canopy Related Fatalities 13, or 52% of the total

  8. Canopy Collisions—7 All at Pattern Altitudes— 3 died after collisions in low-speed/standard-pattern landings 4 died after collisions in high-speed/high-performance-pattern landings

  9. Canopy Collisions 1999-2011

  10. Avoiding Canopy Collisions • Continue learning everything you can about canopy control and landings. Learning does not stop when you get your A license! • Separate high-speed approaches from standard landing patterns. • Plan your descent before takeoff. Know what to expect based on what groups are on the plane. • Make sure every jumper on your load knows the planned pattern and direction for landing, especially in light winds. • Use your entire descent to work toward more separation at pattern altitude. • Once in the landing pattern, continue to scan for other canopies and adjust your pattern if needed.

  11. Landing Problems—1 A jumper passed over clear area in an effort to reach the drop zone. His canopy clipped a tree branch, and he landed hard under a spinning main canopy.

  12. Landing Problems 1999-2011

  13. Intentional High-Performance Landings—4 All four were relatively experienced jumpers. Misjudging the canopy’s recovery arc and descent rate at such high speeds is often fatal.

  14. Intentional Low Turns 1999-2011

  15. Unintentional Low Turns 1999-2011

  16. Intentional vs. Unintentional Low Turns Unintentional Unintentional—Trying to avoid an obstacle or face into the wind with a last-second turn. Intentional—Trying to make a high-performance landing and misjudging the turn.

  17. Total Fatalities vs. Canopy-Related Fatalities

  18. Equipment Problems—5 • One brake released. Jumper spun to impact without correcting problem. • One brake released. Jumper cut away at 500 feet but did not deploy reserve. • One double malfunction. Cause of reserve spinning was not reported. • Canopy opened with spinning line twist. Jumper attempted to clear the twist to impact. • Hard opening of main canopy in a manned ATV jump during a military demo flight. • Jumper was unable to get out of the vehicle before it impacted in a spin.

  19. No/Low Pull—4 • Possible medical issue. AAD activated, but jumper impacted before reserve inflation. • Older jumper, may have had difficulty reaching BOC handle. AAD turned off. • No reserve pull. • Jumper with physical disabilities may have lost stability in freefall. No handles pulled. • AAD was turned off. • Jumper deployed main, then climbed out of harness. Left a suicide note in his vehicle.

  20. Incorrect Emergency Procedures—2 A tandem pair died while landing under two entangled canopies. The main canopy cutaway handle was pulled only far enough to release one riser. The reserve was deployed while the main was still attached, and the two canopies entangled. While checking the rig, investigators found that the cutaway handle easily pulled the rest of the way and released the other riser.

  21. Freefall Collision—1 A jumper suffered a fatal collision while freeflying. Jumper was not equipped with an AAD. It was not reported whether he was killed by the collision or knocked unconscious, and then killed by the impact with the ground.

  22. Student Skydivers-5

  23. Student Skydiver Fatalities

  24. Lessons Learned • Skydivers must improve canopy control • skill at all levels of experience. • Separation of landing styles will help prevent canopy collisions. Standard landing patterns with 90-degree turns should not be mixed with high-performance patterns. • All jumpers need to stay vigilant during • all phases of canopy flight, fly defensively • and maintain clear airspace. • Canopies with moderate and high wing loadings • rapidly lose altitude in a spin and must • be dealt with quickly. • Practice emergency procedures often, and be prepared to take action when the time comes. • Use of AADs and RSLs can help to • prevent fatalities.

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