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Diversity

Diversity. Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species. Archaea. - Single celled prokaryotes that reproduce asexually 4 major phyla Extremophyles Have cell walls with no peptidoglycan Diverse metabolic pathways. Bacteria cell Wall. Archaea. Methanogens

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Diversity

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  1. Diversity • Domain • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  2. Archaea • - Single celled prokaryotes that reproduce asexually • 4 major phyla • Extremophyles • Have cell walls with no peptidoglycan • Diverse metabolic pathways

  3. Bacteria cell Wall

  4. Archaea • Methanogens • Live in the guts of cows, and termites to help digest cellulose in plant cell walls • C02->Ch4 (farts) • Methanobrevibactersmithii

  5. Archaea 1/10th Of human Gut microbes!! 1/10

  6. http://www.colorado.edu/eeb/EEBprojects/schmidtlab/studentres/EBIO3400/Lecture11.pdf (lots more differences!!!)

  7. Eubacteria • Prokaryotic, single celled • Heterotrophic or autotrophic • Reproduce asexually with binary fission

  8. Eubacteria • 1 circular chromosome and a secondary plasmid

  9. Eubacteria • Classified based on shape, spores, metabolism(glycolysis for anaerobes , cellular respiration for aerobes), and ability to “gram stain”

  10. Eubacteria

  11. Eubacteria • Cyanobacteria (pond Scum) • Oscillatoriaprinceps • D-Eubacteria • K-Eubacteria • P-Cyanobacteria • C- Cyanophyceae • O- Oscillatoriales • F- Oscillatoria • G- Oscillatoria • S- O. princeps

  12. Protista • Protista are simple, usually unicellular eukaryotic organisms. • Not animals, not plants, not fungi = Protist!! • Usually aquatic • Aerobic • Very important component of plankton • Reproduce sexually or asexually • Divisions (phyla) classified based on Animal like, Plant like or Fungus like

  13. Protista • Animal like-> “Protozoa” • Rhizopoda • Apicomplexia • Zoomastigophora • Ciliophora

  14. Protista • Division Rhizopoda • Move with a pseudopod (false foot) • Eat by engulphing food (phagacytosis)

  15. Protista • Division Zoomastigophora • “Zooflagelates”

  16. Protista • Division Ciliophora • example- Paramecium • Use cilia to move around

  17. Protista Plantlike Protista-> “Algae” • contain chlorophyll and carry out photosynthesis • Very important aquatic primary producers • Dinoflagellata • Euglenophyta • Bacillariophyta • Chlorophyta • Phaeophyta • Rhodophyta

  18. Protista • Bacillariophyta • The “diatoms”

  19. Protista • Dinoflagellata • “Dinoflagelates” • Sometimes show biolluminescence • Red Tide

  20. Protista • Euglenophyta • Unicellular flagellates • Primarily freshwater, but important in some marine environments • Many are heterotrophic (saprotrophic or phagocytic)

  21. Protista • Chlorophyta • Green algae

  22. Protista • Phenophyta • Brown Algae • Alt of Generations

  23. Protista • Rhodophyta • Red Algae • Nori- Iodine source

  24. Protista • Fungus like • Myxomycota- slime molds • Many nuclei for each giant cell full of cytoplasm • Use pseudopodia • The organisms in this group have a complex life cycle during the course of which they go through unicellular, multicellular, funguslike (form spores) and protozoanlike (amoeboid) stages.

  25. Protista • Oomycota • Water molds • Some species (e.g., Saprolegnia, Achyla) are parasites of fishes and can be a serious problem in fish hatcheries. • Downy mildews damage grapes and other crops. • Phytophthorainfestans, the cause of the "late blight" of potatoes. In 1845 and again in 1846, it was responsible for the almost total destruction of the potato crop in Ireland. This led to the great Irish famine of 1845–1860. During this period, approximately 1 million people starved to death and many more emigrated to the New World. By the end of the period, death and emigration had reduced the population of Ireland from 9 million to 4 million. • Phytophthoraramorum, which is currently killing several species of oaks in California. • Cell wall of cellulose, like plants

  26. Fungi • Eukaryotic, nonvascular, Heterotrophic, reproduce sexually and asexually with spores • Alternation of generations • N-2N • Most are multicellular • Cell walls made of Chitin • Decomposers, parasites, or mutualists (Mycorrhizea on plant roots for N)

  27. Fungi • Exoenzymes- digest food externally, then ingest it • Store food energy as glycogen, like animals • Vegetative-> Hyphae-Mycellium • Fruiting body-> Produces spores (the cap)

  28. Fungi Phyla (based on spore arrangement) Chytridiomycota Zygomycota Asomycota Basiomycota

  29. FUNGI Chytridiomycota (primitive Fungi) Sexual and asexual reproduction Spores are motile with a flagella

  30. FUNGI Zygomycota (the molds) Sexual reproduction with spores with very thick walls

  31. FUNGI

  32. FUNGI Ascomycota- Sac Fungi -75 % of all fungi species -Sexual reproduction -Spores can be found in an ascussac -Yeasts, Penicillium, truffels

  33. FUNGI Basidiomycota- “da club fungi” -sexual spores are born externally on a club shaped basidium -Gills on fruiting body to increase surface area

  34. Basidium

  35. Pizza Mushroom D- Eukarya K- Fungi P- Basiomycota C- Hymenomycetes O- Agricales F- Agricaceae G- Agaricus S- A. Bispores

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