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Microphones (mics)

Microphones (mics). Transform audio waves into electric energy. Can be categorized, according to: Type/Use Pick-up pattern Mechanics. Types/Use. Lavaliere (lav) Mics Hand Mics Shotgun Mics Headset Mics Desk Mics. Pick-up (Polar) Pattern. Omni-directional Cardioid

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Microphones (mics)

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  1. Microphones (mics) • Transform audio waves into electric energy. • Can be categorized, according to: • Type/Use • Pick-up pattern • Mechanics

  2. Types/Use • Lavaliere (lav) Mics • Hand Mics • Shotgun Mics • Headset Mics • Desk Mics

  3. Pick-up (Polar) Pattern • Omni-directional • Cardioid • Super-cardioid/hyper-cardioid

  4. Pick-up (Polar) Pattern • Omni-directional • Hears equally from all directions.

  5. Pick-up (Polar) Pattern • Cardioid • Unidirectional, heart-shaped pattern.

  6. Pick-up (Polar) Pattern • Super-cardioid/hyper-cardioid • Long reach, slightly sensitive to sounds from behind

  7. Pick-up (Polar) Pattern • Lavaliere (lav): Omni • Hand: Cardioid/omni • Shotgun: Super-cardioid • Headsets: Omni • Desk: Omni/cardioid

  8. Mechanics • Dynamic • Durable • No power supply • Hand microphone for news report • Condenser • Sensitive, • Need power supply (battery or phantom power) • Shotgun, lavaliere • Ribbon • Very sensitive, vulnerable to loud sound • Need power supply • Music production

  9. Cable Connectors (Plugs) • XLR • 3-conductor, balanced line • High quality • RCA • Consumer, unbalanced line • Mini • Consumer, unbalanced line

  10. Reference Tone • Also called “1K” tone • Often goes with color bars. • Color bars • Used to match colors. • 1K tone • Used to calibrate audio level.

  11. Analog and Digital Audio • On analog audio equipment: • The tone should hit 0 db. • It is okay to over 0 db from time to time. • On digital audio equipment: • The tone should hit -12 db or -20 db (theatrically released films). • Should never go over 0 db. It will be quickly distorted.

  12. Pick-up (Polar) Pattern • Lavaliere (lav): Omni/cardioid • Hand: Cardioid/omni • Shotgun: Super-cardioid

  13. Cable Connectors (Plugs) • XLR • 3-conductor • High quality • RCA • For video and audio • Consumer • Mini • Headset

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