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Science Review 2014

Science Review 2014. 1.2 Matter. What is matter? Anything that takes up space and has mass… Three States of Matter are? Solid, Liquid, Gas Matter can change states by? Melting, Boiling, Freezing, and Condensation. 1.3 Constants in Matter. What is the boiling point of H2O (water)?

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Science Review 2014

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  1. Science Review 2014

  2. 1.2 Matter • What is matter? • Anything that takes up space and has mass… • Three States of Matter are? • Solid, Liquid, Gas • Matter can change states by? • Melting, Boiling, Freezing, and Condensation

  3. 1.3 Constants in Matter • What is the boiling point of H2O (water)? 100degrees Celsius • What is the freezing point of H2O (water)? 0 degrees Celsius • What happens if we add salt or sugar to water? Will the boiling and freezing points stay the same? • How about if the masses/volume of water/ice are different, do the boiling or freezing points change? Why or why not? • What if its water from Rio Grande River and water from Antarctica?

  4. 1.4 Mixtures • Formed when 2 or more materials are combined. • MAINTAIN original physical properties • Easily separated by ? Remember… • Some Monkeys Have Fun Farting Everywhere • (Review Density)

  5. 2.1 Solutions • Special types of mixtures formed when a solid is DISSOLVED in a liquid • What does it mean by dissolved? • What happens when 50 grams of salt is placed in glass of water? • Is there a way to view all the salt again? How? • How much salt will remain? • What if we used a package of Kool Aid powder and you ask the same questions above???

  6. Types of Energy… • Light Energy • Electrical Energy • Thermal (Heat) Energy • Solar Energy (from the SUN) • Sound Energy (Sound=Vibrations) • Chemical Energy (food/fuel) • Mechanical Energy (Motion) • Kinetic(motion/moving) Potential(position) • Burning Wax Candle gives off both light and heat Energy.

  7. 2.3 Conductors vs. Insulators of ELECTRICITY • Conductors allow electrons to flow through. (ALL Metals are conductors) • Insulators do NOT allow electrons to flow through. • Ask yourself: which items will allow the electrons to flow through and cause the light to turn on? If it does then it’s a conductor, if not it’s an insulator. • Conductors Insulators • Paper clip Wood • Aluminum foil Plastic • Iron nail Rubber • Silver Ring Foam • Copper Glass

  8. 2.3 CircuitsWhat would happen if you cut the wire in each pic below? How many lights on? Off? • Series Circuit-closed path in which one light turns off then all the lights turn off. • Parallel Circuit- closed path in which one light turns off, all the others stay on.

  9. KINGS of Magnetism • All metals are conductors of Electricity, • But notall metals are magnetic!!! • Remember NIC’s: • Nickel…Iron…Cobalt…Steel • (these are magnetic)

  10. 2.4 Light Energy • Reflection -light bounces back • Mirrors, shiny surfaces, tinted windows, etc.. • Refraction-light bends • Prisms, pencil in water, rainbows (water drops), LENSES

  11. Light • Reflection-when light bounces back • *light strikes a mirror Refraction-light bends

  12. 2.5Mechanical Energy • Mechanical Energy is energy of MOTION • These wind turbines move/turn because of the wind and creating electricity. Good for environment-no pollution!

  13. 3.2 Fossils • Are remains of organism that died and were buried by sediments that became pressed and cemented together. Found within layers • Provide clues about the past

  14. 3.2 Rock Layers Formed when sediments are pressed (compacted) and cementedtogether to form layers Layers New (top) Oldest (bottom)

  15. W.E.D. • Weathering is breaking down of rocks by: Water/Waves, Wind, Ice, Gravity, Plants • Erosion is the carrying or movement of those sediments (Wind, Water, and Ice) • Deposition where it lands (new place). For example a Delta or Beach.

  16. 3.4 Landforms • Glaciers-Huge piece of ice that form at top of mountains and move slowly scraping the mountain forming U-shaped valleys… • Canyons- made by running or flowing rivers over a long period of time.

  17. 4.1 The Sun and Water Cycle • The Sun provides the Energy for the Water Cycle • Sun’s heat causes water to evaporate into the air

  18. Earth vs MoonWhat are craters and why are they more common on the moon and not the EARTH? • EarthMoon Has atmosphere No atmosphere Gravity Less gravity Rocks Rocks Supports Life No Life Mountains/Hills Mountains/Hills Craters Craters

  19. Facts about the Earth to know • Earth takes 24hrs/1 day to do a rotation on its axis. Rotation on its axis is what causes day and night on the Earth. • Earth takes 1 year/365 days for a revolution around the SUN • Earth’s tilt causes seasons

  20. Facts about the MOON • It’s gravitational pull on Earth causes tides (low and high) every day. • It takes the moon about1 month to: • Rotate on its axis (to see all moon phases) • Revolve or go around the Earth

  21. Moon PHASES (8 of them) • If it is first quarter, how long will It take to see first quarter again? ONE Month (4 weeks). It takes One month to complete an entire Moon cycle! • If it is full moon how long to New Moon? About 2 weeks! This is only half of the cycle! Study the phases and the patterns. Which phase follows each other. You Might be asked the time like above, Or which phase is missing in a Pattern.

  22. Natural Resources RenewableNonrenewableAlternative Remember No Running Around Can be replaced Millions of years Never run out W.A.P.O.S FF C.O.N./M & M Willie Shares His Green Boogers Water Fossil FuelsWind Animals CoalSolar Plants/Trees/GrassOil Hydroelectric OxygenNatural GasGeothermal SoilMinerals & Metals Biofuels

  23. Producers • Make their own food! • Get their ENERGY from the SUN! • Producers are Plants!!!!!

  24. Consumers (comer) • Herbivores: Eat Plants • Cows, crickets, • rabbits, mice, deer, • giraffes • Carnivores: Eat MEAT • Lions, Eagles, Tigers, • Coyotes, Hawks • Omnivores: Eat BOTH plants and animals • Humans, Raccoons, Bears

  25. Food Chain • Sun-> Producer-> Consumer-> Consumer • Energy is being TRANSFERRED Up the Food Chain/Web… • ALL Energy comes from the

  26. Food web Removing an organism effects other organisms. If you remove: Deer? Chipmunk? Grasses? What or who will it effect? Why?

  27. Animals • Habitat: Place where animal lives • Basic Needs: Food, Water, Shelter, Air, Space • Adaptation: Animals adapt (change) to meet their needs several ways (physical/behavioral) • Physical: Change their color of fur for camouflage from predators Use their long necks/beaks to get food, long feet for speed, sharp teeth to tear flesh, long wings to glide in the air, claws to grasp preys, skunks spray to scare of predators, etc…. Behavior: Animals move around in herds to protect themselves from predators

  28. Inherited vs Learned • Inherited is what you get from your parents. Animals get hair/skin/eye color, height, etc Plants get the flower color, leave shapes, etc • Learned is a behavior that an animal is NOT born with. Walking, Talking, Writing, Riding a bike, animals learning a trick (dog fetching), etc.

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