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2.2 Measuring anxiety

Revision Video- Part 2. 2.2 Measuring anxiety. What different methods are used to measure anxiety?. Measuring anxiety. Since anxiety has such a strong effect on performance… Psychologists have devised methods to measure both State and Trait anxiety

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2.2 Measuring anxiety

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  1. Revision Video- Part 2 2.2 Measuring anxiety What different methods are used to measure anxiety?

  2. Measuring anxiety Since anxiety has such a strong effect on performance… • Psychologists have devised methods to measure both State and Trait anxiety These have taken different formats including:- • Physiological measures of Somatic anxiety (HR, Muscle tension and sweating) • Observation • Questionnaires However several criticisms of these tests have emerged… • Physiological measures put the subject under extra anxiety, the situation itself creates anxiety. • Observations are subjective and are also in artificial environments causing extra anxiety • Questionnaires may not give a true reflection, but are popular as they are quick and cheap

  3. Questionnaires The three questionnaires typically used are… • The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)- Spielberger, 1970 • The Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT)- Martens et al, 1977 • The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory – 2 (CSAI-2) Martens, 1990

  4. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)- Spielberger, 1970 Self report questionnaire Gives an indication of both State and Trait anxiety • Limited use due to lack of relation to sport specific situations

  5. The Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT)- Martens et al, 1977 Self report applied to specific sporting situations • Gives an idea of the performers level of State anxiety in competitive situations 4 factors identified that relate to competitive anxiety... • Individual differences in how performers interact with different situations • Different types of anxiety (State and Trait) which they have experienced • A specific anxiety trait experienced only in competitive situations • The competition itself Competitive State anxiety Competitive Trait anxiety Perception of threat Competitive situation

  6. The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory – 2 (CSAI-2) Martens, 1990 Uses self report to measure... Cognitive state anxiety Somatic state anxiety Self confidence Will be given out several times prior to competition • Discover baseline levels and compare with pre-competition levels Cognitive State anxiety Can be high along time before competition Steady increase before competition Will fluctuate during performance as chance of success/failure changes Somatic State anxiety Lower to begin with as body won’t react so soon Increase quickly before competition Generally decreases during completion

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