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Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: Layer 2 Routing Preliminary Proposal to Call for Contributions Date Submitted: 10 May, 2014 Source: Seong-Soon Joo, In-Hwan Lee, Hyo-Chan Bang Company: ETRI

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Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

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  1. Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: Layer 2 Routing Preliminary Proposal to Call for Contributions Date Submitted: 10 May, 2014 Source: Seong-Soon Joo, In-Hwan Lee, Hyo-Chan Bang Company: ETRI Address: 161 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, KOREA Voice: +82-42-860-6333, FAX: +82-42-860-4197, E-Mail: ssjoo@etri.re.kr Re: Abstract: As a preliminary contribution proposal for the IEEE 802.15 TG10 standards, the layer 2 routing specification is proposed. Purpose: Response to the IEEE802.15 TG10 call for contribution Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

  2. Layer 2 Routing Preliminary Proposal to Call for Contributions Seong-Soon Joo*, In-Hwan Lee, Hyo-Chan Bang ETRI

  3. IEEE 802.15.4 Layer 2 Routing • Link Network over IEEE 802.15.4 • looks like a link to network layer • a loss sensitive large wireless network • low-energy, resource constrained device • reliable, scalable wireless mesh connectivity • guaranteeing deterministic end-to-end delay • Design consideration • optimal utilization of communication resource • multiple grade of links • maintaining a simple procedure and a light weight protocol

  4. IEEE 802.15.4 Link Network • Components • PAN coordinator : gateway router • FFD : router (link network router) • RFD : device • Topology • mesh network • mesh link adds on star topology • mesh link adds on cluster tree topology • full mesh topology • PHY/MAC link • 40Kbps/100Kbps/250Kbps/500Kbps/1Mbps/27Mbps • async/TDMA • channel diversity

  5. Proposed IEEE 802.15.4 Link Network • virtual link • link path • link path routing • load balanced link path maintaining • unbalanced cluster-tree based address assignment • address based mesh routing • beacon-enabled multi-hop link network formation • directional multiple grades mesh connection

  6. Virtual Link and Link Path (I) • a link • establishes a link between two neighbour devices • a virtual link • established between two devices multi-hopped apart • multi-hop link connection through the routers which perform frame relaying instead of routed forwarding • a link path • constituted of links and virtual links from a source to a destination device • a routed link-path, link network • a link network • performed in two stages • link connection and link network routing

  7. Virtual Link and Link Path (II) PAN coordinator • link • virtual link • link-path L2R router 3 router 6 L2R router 2 router 4 router 5 router 1 device 5 device 6 device 4 device 3 device 2 device 8 device 7 device 1

  8. Virtual Link and Link Path (III) • as an example • a link network over DSME MAC • a link network that connects two devices by switching the time slots child 2 my beacon child 1 tier 1 coord inner inward shared link inner CAP link inner inward dedicated link my beacon inner outward shared link child 1 neighbor parent tier 2 router outer inward shared link outer CAP link inner inward dedicated link outer outward shared link outer outward dedicated link parent my beacon grand parent neighbor tier 3 router

  9. Cluster-Tree based Addressing • MAC address • Cluster Identifier • Device Locator Gateway router (cluster ID = 0, locator ID = 0) Root Cluster Tree 0 (L0, R0, D0) Cluster1 root (cluster ID = 0, locator ID = i) (cluster ID = 1, locator ID = 0) Cluster3 root (cluster ID = 0, locator ID = k) (cluster ID = 3, locator ID = 0) Cluster2 root (cluster ID = 0, locator ID = j) (cluster ID = 2, locator ID = 0) Cluster Tree 1 (L1, R1, D1) Cluster Tree 2 (L2, R2, D2) Cluster Tree 3 (L3, R3, D3) Cluster4 root Cluster Tree 4 (L4, R4, D4)

  10. Mesh Link on Cluster Tree • intra-cluster mesh link • inter-cluster mesh link Gateway router Root Cluster Tree 0 (L0, R0, D0) intra-cluster mesh link Cluster1 root Cluster3 root Cluster2 root Cluster Tree 1 (L1, R1, D1) Cluster Tree 2 (L2, R2, D2) Cluster Tree 3 (L3, R3, D3) Cluster4 root inter-cluster mesh link Cluster Tree 4 (L4, R4, D4)

  11. Multiple Grades of Mesh Connection • dedicated link • transmits a frame received only at the source device of the link • shared link • may transmit a frame received at the routers on the link-path to the destination device of the link • directional link • inward/outward • bidirectional

  12. Cluster-Tree Mesh Routing Gateway router • cluster connectivity matrix • routing table • link cost table : load (number of frame, queue length) • CAP : cluster based tree routing • shared link : cluster based tree + mesh routing • dedicated link : routed link path, dedicated link intra-cluster mesh link Root Cluster Tree 0 (L0, R0, D0) Cluster1 root Cluster3 root Cluster2 root Cluster Tree 1 (L1, R1, D1) Cluster Tree 2 (L2, R2, D2) Cluster Tree 3 (L3, R3, D3) Cluster4 root inter-cluster mesh link Cluster Tree 4 (L4, R4, D4)

  13. Routing • route infor • cluster table • maintained by gateway router • update between gateway – root router, root router – router • route table • maintained by root router & router • report router  root router • route change event • router start/join/leave & mesh link setup/release • mesh link setup & release : periodically searching or upon router update request • mesh routing : inter cluster mesh link (cluster table), intra (route table) • route update • periodical report • cluster table: gateway – root router, root router – router • route table: router  root router • event driven report • route select • cost : hop & link frame count

  14. Start & Join & Leave • address assignment • root router  gateway router • cluster formation • router  inner router • assign from reserved address block • start & join • start router • if root router, association & cluster formation, then start • if router, association, then start • router join a network • association, then start

  15. Data Forwarding • routing • link type selection • primitive CLK/SLK/DLK & frame operation type • in/out decision • cluster connectivity matrix from cluster table • link selection (only for CLK/SLK data) • shortest cluster-tree route vs. mesh route • cluster table vs. route table

  16. Summary • virtual link • link path • load balanced link path maintaining • unbalanced cluster-tree based address assignment • address based mesh routing • directional multiple grades mesh connection • beacon-enabled multi-hop link network formation • MAC primitives & command frames

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