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Understanding mRNA Processing: Key Steps and Concepts in Eukaryotic Gene Expression

This summary highlights critical aspects of mRNA processing from Chapter 14, focusing on the central dogma of molecular biology and the link between DNA, RNA transcription, and protein translation. Key topics include the organization of genes, the roles of introns and exons, and the fundamental steps of pre-mRNA processing in eukaryotes. We delve into the three primary steps: 5' cap addition, poly-A tail formation, and splicing, detailing the spliceosome's function and alternative processing methods like RNA editing and alternative splicing.

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Understanding mRNA Processing: Key Steps and Concepts in Eukaryotic Gene Expression

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Key points: summarized from chapter 14 RNA processing

  2. Outline: we will focus on mRNA processing • Overview of the Central Dogma • Link DNA to RNA transcription to proteintranslation • What is a codon? • Gene organization • Introns and exons • What really is a gene? • Steps of pre-mRNA processing • Eukaryotes versus prokaryotes

  3. Gene Organization: Is DNA and RNA co-linear?

  4. 3 steps of mRNA processing occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotes 5’ CAP Poly-A tail Splicing

  5. The 5’Cap

  6. The Poly-A Tail

  7. Cleavage by endonuclease

  8. Basic steps of poly-Adenylation

  9. Splicing Spliceosome Requires RNA + proteins Function as enzymes Self splicing Only RNA! Function as enzymes!

  10. Spliceosome Meet the spliceosome

  11. Splicesome: 3 components are required Note some important aspects of the 5’ and 3’ ends 5’ phosphodiester of G 2’ OH of A lariat

  12. Where does splicing occurs?

  13. Self-Splicing mRNA’s

  14. Common characteristic of self-splicing mRNA’s

  15. Comments on Alternative processing methods First: What are the methods of mRNA processing discussed so far? 5’ CAP 3’ Poly A Tail Intron Splicing

  16. Alternative processing methods • Alternative splicing • Multiple 3’cleavage sites • RNA editing

  17. And alternative splicing example Thryoid BRAIN

  18. Silencing or interfering RNAs • siRNA • miRNA

  19. Onto translation chapter 15

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