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This lesson focuses on the first declension feminine nouns in Latin, which primarily end in "a" and are characterized by the a-type vowel pattern. Learners will explore essential vocabulary, including examples like "marti" (of Mars) and "basileia" (kingdom). The lesson emphasizes the importance of memorizing the genitive endings and feminine articles for proper grammatical structure. Students will also learn how to correctly accent the words and recognize similarities between the genitive singular and accusative plural forms.
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Vocabulary # 97 • All the words in today’s vocabulary are feminine nouns of the first declension. • They all end in &a preceded by e( i( or r, so they belong to the first declension a-type. • The a appears in the endings throughout the singular (see handout). • To indicate the declension pattern and gender on your vocabulary cards, add the genitive ending and feminine article to each entry. • a`marti,a &aj( h` • basilei,a &aj( h` • Add the following 2nd declension feminine nouns to vocabulary: • o`do,j &ou( h` - way, road • evrhmo,j &ou( h` - wilderness, desert
First Declension &h Type • Use endings for 1st declension &a type – remains throughout singular. • Note that gen. sing. and acc. pl. look alike. • Accent rule: gen. pl. in 1st declension always has circumflex on ultima. • Otherwise, accent of kardi,a stays on penult. • Accent of avlh,qeia shifts from antepenult to penult whenever ultima goes long (&ai is short; &aj is long).