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Communication in Groups and Teams

Communication in Groups and Teams. Why are groups and teams becoming increasingly popular How do groups and teams differ? What are the potential strengths of group discussion? What are the potential limits of group discussion? Do groups need single leaders?

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Communication in Groups and Teams

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  1. Communication in Groups and Teams • Why are groups and teams becoming increasingly popular • How do groups and teams differ? • What are the potential strengths of group discussion? • What are the potential limits of group discussion? • Do groups need single leaders? • How can conflict enhance work in groups and teams? • How does communication shape group and team climate? Communication in Groups and Teams

  2. Communication inGroups and Teams • Work together, or On your own? • Research found sound reasons for both • Groups (vs. Individuals) • More time to reach decisions • Superior decisions • Stimulates creativity, may suppress individuals Communication in Groups and Teams

  3. Groups in Daily Lives • Social groups • Provides stimulation of conversation and recreation • Relaxed, informal, more interpersonal • Personal growth groups • Enable people to deal with issues in supportive context • Task groups • To solve problems, achieve goals Communication in Groups and Teams

  4. Defining Groups & Teams • A Group • People interact • People are interdependent • Have a common goal • Share some rules of conduct • A Team • A special kind of group • Different & complementary resources of members • A strong sense of collective identity; greater interdependence Communication in Groups and Teams

  5. Six Kinds of Group inBusiness and Civic Life (pp. 258-261) • Project teams 工作團隊 • Focus group 焦點團體 • Brainstorming groups 腦力激盪小組 • Advisory Groups 顧問團;諮詢小組 • Quality circles 改進小組;策進小組 • Decision making groups 決策小組 Communication in Groups and Teams

  6. Rules for Brainstorming • Do not evaluate ideas; no criticism. • Record ideas so everyone can see them. • Quantity; the more ideas, the better. • Build on ideas; extension. • Encourage creativity. Communication in Groups and Teams

  7. Agenda for Problem-solving (or Decision-making) • Phase 1: Define the problem • Phase 2: Analyze information relevant to the problem • Phase 3: Generate criteria for assess solutions • Phase 4: Identify potential solutions • Phase 5: Select the best solution • Phase 6: Implement the solution (or recommend it) • Phase 7: Develop an action plan to monitor the effectiveness of the solution p. 262 (Figure 10.2) Communication in Groups and Teams

  8. Potential Limitation &Strength of Groups • Limitations • Time needed • Conformity pressure • Majority opinion different from minority • One extremely charismatic member • Strengths • Greater resources • More thorough thought • Heightened creativity • Enhanced commitment to decisions • (Synergy): • Special energy that enlarges efforts, talents…of individuals • Total effects more than the sum of individual effects Communication in Groups and Teams

  9. Features of Small Groups (5 features) • Cohesion: closeness, spirit among member, • Cohesion grows out of communication. • 3 ways to promote cohesion • Emphasize shared goals; reinforce group identity • Highlight similarity among members • Be responsive so all member feel valued • Excessive cohesion →Groupthink (ceased critical thinking) • Group size • Size affects amount and quality of communication • Larger vs. smaller groups • Five-seven, optimal (most researchers aggree) Communication in Groups and Teams

  10. Features of Small Groups • Power structure • Power over: emphasizing status • Power to: empowering others; fostering win-win • Distributed power structure vs. Hierarchical • Social climbing: trying to increase personal status by winning approval of higher-status member • Interaction pattern • Centralized vs. Decentralized patterns • Proxemics: communication relevant to space • Group norms Communication in Groups and Teams

  11. Challenges (1) (3 challenges) • Participating constructively • Four types of communication in groups (p. 269) • Task communication • Procedural communication • Climate communication • Egocentric communication (dysfunctional) Communication in Groups and Teams

  12. Challenges (2) • Providing leadership • Leadership is born, or made? (research found no coherent leader traits) • Leadership, Not leader • Establish good working climate, organize group processes, ensure substantive discussion, and control disruptive members Communication in Groups and Teams

  13. Challenges (3) • Managing conflict constructively • Conflict is natural, can be productive (Ch. 3) • Disruptive (vs. Constructive conflict) • Competitive tone • Self-interested focus • Personal attack • Constructive • Respect for diverse opinions • Emphasize shared goals • Cooperative focus, open climate Communication in Groups and Teams

  14. 分組討論 • 鄰近的同學5-6人一組 • 抽籤選組發表討論結果 問題討論： • 請就影片中的發言來分類：task, procedural, climate, egocentric • 用p.262 Figure 10.2 分析影片中的發言 Communication in Groups and Teams

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