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The Oceans

The Oceans. Today’s Lesson. The Oceans Start Experiment Complete Air Poster. The Oceans. When the earth’s atmosphere first cooled below 100 C, water vapor first condensed to liquid water in the form of precipitation (rain mainly).

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The Oceans

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  1. The Oceans

  2. Today’s Lesson • The Oceans • Start Experiment • Complete Air Poster

  3. The Oceans • When the earth’s atmosphere first cooled below 100 C, water vapor first condensed to liquid water in the form of precipitation (rain mainly). • This was the start of the oceans, which helped play a large factor on earth’s surface and our everyday lives. • Around 70% of the earth’s surface is covered by water.

  4. Chemistry of Oceans • The good thing about water is that it works as a polar solvent, meaning that it dissolves many different compounds and elements. • There are possibly thousands or millions of compounds and elements dissolved in our oceans, but around 85% of it is Chlorine and Sodium ions. • A table on Page 194 shows you the general breakdown of dissolved solids found in 1 kg of sea water.

  5. How is it balanced? • Billions of dissolved solids make their way into the oceans every year – but some complex systems help to keep them in check. • For example, large amounts of Carbon Dioxide are converted to oxygen by phytoplankton (microscopic plant life). • The whole ocean ecosystem revolves around these small critters. Kill them and we kill our food source and our oxygen source. • Did you know that over half of the world’s oxygen comes from the ocean??

  6. Limestone • Limestone, which is also known as Calcium Carbonate is made from shell and mostly broken down pieces of coral. • It has many uses in industry (concrete) but it’s the main storage area for Carbon Dioxide. • When limestone is being produced, it locks in massive amounts of Carbon Dioxide which makes the amount of Carbon Dioxide humans produce look puny in comparison.

  7. Possible Problems • Limestone needs Coral Reefs to be made. • Coral Reefs need specific temperatures to live – if it’s too hot them they die or become bleached. • As such – if we kill our Coral Reefs through climate change and pollution we will cause major problems with Carbon Dioxide levels.

  8. Possible Carbon Dioxide Solutions • When water is heated, it can contain more dissolved elements and compounds (such as Carbon Dioxide). • As such, it may be possible to add extra Carbon Dioxide into the oceans and allow the phytoplankton look after the rest  • Hydrocarbons such as gas and oil also hold a large amount of Carbon Dioxide. They are basically made from dead phytoplankton!!

  9. Questions • Read Page 194-195 and answer Q 1-7. • Then start experiment • Then complete Air Poster. This is due Tuesday 31st of January!!

  10. Gases Are Great!! • For this exciting activity, we will be completing an A3 poster on one of the following gases: (choose one) • Nitrogen • Argon • Oxygen • Carbon Dioxide • Ozone • Sulfur Dioxide • Water Vapor

  11. Include the following: • Who found your gas? When was it found? • Draw an electron dot diagram for your gas • Include basic information about your gas (MP, BP, Ar/Mr, amount found in atmosphere, etc) • Explain the cycle on earth for your gas (including diagram) • What is your gas used for in Industry? Explain giving examples

  12. Continued • Is your gas need or harmful to living organisms? Explain. • How can industry get your gas in a pure form? • Does your gas cause any problems (for industry or living things)?? • Anything else of interest • A simple bibliography

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