Understanding Retreat Mining Techniques in Coal Extraction

Dec 14, 2025

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This article explores retreat mining, a method in coal mining where pillars are removed to recover coal. Originally, these pillars serve to support the mine's roof, but they are systematically extracted from the back of the mine to advance coal recovery. The ideal scenario involves the roof collapsing slowly and safely, but delays in collapse can lead to hazardous conditions. The discussion includes health issues like Black Lung Disease and environmental concerns such as mountaintop removal mining and leachate management.

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Understanding Retreat Mining Techniques in Coal Extraction

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Mineral Commodities Solid Earth System

Coal Mining Techniques

Mine was using ‘retreat mining’ where pillars of coal, originally left to hold up the mine’s roof, are removed, in order to recover the coal in them. The pillars near the back of the mine are removed first, hence the word ‘retreat’. Ideally, the roof collapses in a sequence of small events. But if collapse is delayed, it can be very energetic and dangerous.