Commercial Surgical Simulators An overview by Zaheer Mukhtar

2. Commercial Surgical Simulators An overview by ZaheerMukhtar

3. Laparoscopic Surgery

5. Used in Laparoscopy

6. Laparoscopic simulators • What is Laparoscopic Simulator ? • Why do we need simulators? • Current simulators and technology in the market?

7. Why do we need simulators? • Unethical to perform on practice on human being • Affordable • No time limitation • Risk free practice • No infection worries • Safety from serious accidents

8. Box Trainers

9. Immersion • Market leaders in “ Science of touch”. • CathSim (Vascular access simulator). • AccuTouch(Endovascular simulation & Endoscopy Simu.

10. Mentice • MIST-VR (1990 s) • Does not provide actual surgical environment. • Collaborated with Sim-Surgery A/S to develop Key surgical activities KSA. • Advance activities such as, suturing, knot tying, needle passing and stitching. • Procedicus for MIST and KSA modules, haptic from immersion. • Price 16000$-25000$

11. Surgical Science AB • LapSim (2002), virtual laparoscopic interface. • LapSim Basic 2.0 released (2003), 9 tasks with 3 level of difficulties. • Provides performance evaluation • LapSim Gyn and LapSim Dissections modules • LapSim basic around 50,000$ • 16,000$ each module.

12. Simbionix Ltd. • LapMentor (2003) with 3 modules • Basic Task Module • Camera manipulation, hand-eye coordination, clip applying translocation of objects. • Procedural Tasks module • Step by step Cholecystectomy with video tutorials • Virtual Patient Module • CT and MRI library, combine various cases of CT and MRI over a virtual patient • Price 90,000$

13. RoSSSimulator (for practicing for Devinci)

14. Reachin Technologies AB • Reachin Laparoscopic Trainer (RLT) 2002. • 2004, collaboration with Mentice AB. • Two modules • RLT-B • Basic laparoscopic skills only • RLT-BC • Full simulation of laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. • Unique Feature is option for haptic

15. Over all Comparison

16. Sofie (Robot for surgery)