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Chapter 3: The Chicago School

Chapter 3: The Chicago School. Concepts in Human Ecology Concentric Zone Theory Sutherland’s Differential Association Differential Identification & Differential Reinforcement Social Policy Initiatives Critique. Concepts in Human Ecology. Symbiosis Invasion, Dominance & Succession.

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Chapter 3: The Chicago School

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  1. Chapter 3: The Chicago School • Concepts in Human Ecology • Concentric Zone Theory • Sutherland’s Differential Association • Differential Identification & Differential Reinforcement • Social Policy Initiatives • Critique

  2. Concepts in Human Ecology • Symbiosis • Invasion, Dominance & Succession

  3. Concentric Zone Theory • Different Zones: • The Loop/Urban Core • Transitional Zone • Working-Class Zone • Residential Zone • Commuter Zone

  4. Discussion • What crime patterns exist in the city of St. John’s? • Alcohol related assaults • Homicide • Illegal drug trade • prostitution

  5. Differential Association Theory • Crime is learned behavior • Pro-criminal traditions vs. anti-criminal traditions

  6. Differential Identification • How does media (music, art, news media) define behavior? • ‘gangsta rap’ • Television violence • Are some segments of society more vulnerable to these messages?

  7. Differential Reinforcement • Crime a product of operant conditioning • Activities which are rewarded are continued • Activities which are punished are stopped

  8. Social Policy Initiatives • Community Building • De-institutionalization • Exposure of criminals to non-criminals

  9. Critique • Middle class bias • Ignores crime outside transitional zone • Treats symptoms, not underlying causes

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