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End-to-End Services

End-to-End Services. Kentaro Toyama, PhD Assistant Managing Director Microsoft Research India 4 th Convention of the National Alliance for Mission 2007 New Delhi – August 2, 2007. Microsoft Research India. Established January, 2005 Goals World-class academic research

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End-to-End Services

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  1. End-to-End Services Kentaro Toyama, PhD Assistant Managing Director Microsoft Research India 4th Convention of the National Alliance for Mission 2007 New Delhi – August 2, 2007

  2. Microsoft Research India • Established January, 2005 • Goals • World-class academic research • Contributions to Microsoft products and businesses • Support growth of research programs in India and elsewhere • Six research areas • Cryptography, Security, and Algorithms • Digital Geographics • Mobility, Networks, and Systems • Multilingual Systems • Rigorous Software Engineering • Technology for Emerging Markets • Collaborations with government, academia, industry, and NGOs Microsoft Research India Sadashivnagar, Bangalore http://research.microsoft.com/india

  3. Kiosk Research Rural kiosks and telecentres: • Ethnographic studies • 200+ site visits in India and Africa, over 2.5 years • ~550 hours of in-depth interviews, both open-ended and structured • Interviews with kiosk agencies • 20+ organizations • Small NGOs, start-up firms, MNCs, state governments, academics • Kiosk surveys • 300 kiosks, 2 years, once per quarter, 5 customers, 1 operator per kiosk, n-Logue and Drishtee [w/Kiri et al.] • 1250 people, single survey, Kerala [w/Pal et al.] • Results from software logging tool • 13 kiosks in Maharashtra • Discussions with third-party observers • Literature in journals, books, web sites, whitepapers

  4. What does End-to-End mean? URBAN RURAL connectivity knowledge server knowledge client knowledge digitization knowledge mediator knowledge source knowledge beneficiary physical transport physical centre

  5. e-Government URBAN RURAL connectivity government datacenter village PC digitization mediator citizen government official documents

  6. Telemedicine URBAN RURAL connectivity VTC client VTC client healthcare worker doctor patient physical transport hospital

  7. Education URBAN RURAL connectivity content database rural PC content capture teacher master teacher student teacher training

  8. Agriculture URBAN RURAL connectivity agri-info server knowledge client digitization (extension worker) agriculture expert farmer harvest transport market

  9. Rural ICT? URBAN RURAL connectivity knowledge server knowledge client knowledge digitization knowledge mediator • Challenges: • capital costs • operational costs • power/connectivity infrastructure • good location • etc. knowledge source knowledge beneficiary This is not easy. physical transport But, it’s not the difficult part!!! physical centre

  10. “Content” URBAN RURAL connectivity knowledge server knowledge client knowledge digitization knowledge mediator knowledge source knowledge beneficiary • Challenges: • dedicated human expertise • local language and content • datacenter costs • digitization effort and costs • ongoing content maintenance • etc. physical transport physical centre

  11. “Capacity Building” URBAN RURAL connectivity knowledge server knowledge client knowledge digitization knowledge mediator knowledge source knowledge beneficiary • Challenges: • basic education • training • ongoing training • replacing those who leave • costs for all of the above • etc. physical transport physical centre

  12. Supply Chain and Transport URBAN RURAL connectivity knowledge server knowledge client knowledge digitization knowledge mediator knowledge source knowledge beneficiary • Challenges: • supply chain set-up • road infrastructure • routine transport • cost of travel • etc. physical transport physical centre

  13. The End-to-End Challenge URBAN RURAL connectivity knowledge server knowledge client • End-to-end services are… • geographically distributed • human, physical, digital • ongoing knowledge digitization knowledge mediator knowledge source knowledge beneficiary physical transport physical centre

  14. Order of implementation?

  15. Rural, but disconnected…

  16. End-to-End Connects The “digital divide” is not all digital!!!

  17. Scale is Incremental

  18. Summary Recommendations Focus on services end to end. Invest in the whole solution: • digital, physical, human Be prepared for sustained, distributed, high-skill effort to scale.

  19. Thank you! http://research.microsoft.com/research/tem kentaro.toyama@microsoft.com

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