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ILCA September 12, 2014

ILCA September 12, 2014. Joe Ernst, E C Grow Director of Professional Products. Fertilizers for Dummies Hey, what’s in the Bag?. What Do you See?. Hung up By the Numbers?. Maybe You See Green Grass?. How’s it made?. Slinging Sh….t. Like Making A Cake. Not Just a little Cake.

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ILCA September 12, 2014

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  1. ILCA September12, 2014

  2. Joe Ernst, E C Grow Director of Professional Products

  3. Fertilizers for DummiesHey, what’s in the Bag?

  4. What Do you See?

  5. Hung up By the Numbers?

  6. Maybe You See Green Grass?

  7. How’s it made?

  8. Slinging Sh….t

  9. Like Making A Cake

  10. Not Just a little Cake

  11. Making Big Cakes

  12. Mixers

  13. No Recipe Books

  14. Automated Production

  15. Many Raw Materials Available • Nitrogens: Green Grass>>>>Up • Phosphorous: Roots>>>>Down • Potassium: Vitamin>>>>All Around • Fillers: No nutritional benefit • Spray-Ons, Bio-stimulants, Humates,

  16. What do you want to Accomplish?????

  17. Factors In Determining Analysis Results industry. Job is to provide green, healthy grass. Green Grass---No Weeds, PGA-TV turf. • Determine annual NPK requirements; Phosphorous or not. • Determine number of applications, when applying. Product used in April may not be the product of choice if applied in May. • Determine NPK requirements per application • Determine pre emerge, if needed & at what rates. • Determine insecticide timing • Look at product options that fit your needs, what are you trying to accomplish? Don’t price shop, let your salesman meet your needs, within your budget, with a product that works for you. The price you pay for fertilizer is not the deciding factor to your company’s success. • Weather conditions should determine product, not the calendar.

  18. Size Guide Number (SGN) • Definition: A measure of the average particle size of materials in a given lot. • Description: The relationship is: SGN = (Median particle diameter, mm) x 100 • For example, in a granular fertilizer with an SGN of 220, the median particle diameter would be 220/100 = 2.2 millimeters. Half the weight of the fertilizer batch would have particle diameter greater than 2.2 millimeters, and half would have diameter smaller than 2.2 millimeters.

  19. Uniformity Index (UI) • 90-100 • 150 • 220

  20. Let’s Get Started.

  21. Choosing a Nitrogen Source

  22. Nitrogen (N) First number of the analysis. The most important element in a successful fertilization program. Nitrogen is the element to which turf is the most responsive. Nitrogen is the most important element in the soil system as it’s concentration is constantly changing, usually decreasing. Thus, Nitrogen must be routinely added to maintain a sufficient level of growth.

  23. Nitrogen Sources, What are They? How They Used? What They Do. • Urea • Ammonium Sulfate • Polymer Coated Sulfur Coated Urea (PCSCU) • Urea Reaction Nitrogen • Ureaform (UF)-Nitroform • Methylene Urea (MU)-Nutralene • Polymer Coated Urea • XRT • PCU -Duration • Stabilized Nitrogen • Uflexx • Umaxx • Organic Nitrogen • Milorganite • Enhanced Nitrogens • Nutrisphere • Regain • NZone

  24. Keeping It Green • Nitrogen products that can keep the grass green for 2 weeks, others for up to 6 months. • Longer the length of green, the more the product costs; BUT, BUT, BUT, BUT, the fewer applications needed. • Thus possibly reducing your fertility applications, it can free up more time for other more profitable services.

  25. Considerations • Frequency of applications • Soil requirements • Turf Species • Weather/timing • What Do You want to Accomplish?

  26. Application Rates • Figuring # of material / 1000 sq ft so you can determine number of bags needed. • # of material /acre • # Nitrogen /1000 sq ft • Coverage per 50# bag

  27. Example 20-0-5 25% PCSCU • To apply 1# Nitrogen/M • 5# of product 1 divided by .20 • 220#/acre……5 X 43.56 --10,000 sqft coverage……50# divided by 5 To apply .75# Nitrogen/M • .75# divided by .20 = 3.75#/M • 165#/acre • 13,300 coverage/bag

  28. Fast Release Fertilizer • Nutrients move through soil too fast and can’t be taken up by the roots.

  29. Urea 46-0-0 Fast Release

  30. Ammonium Sulfate • 21-0-0 • 24% Sulfur • Fast Release

  31. Soluble N Sources • Urea • Ammonium Sulfate Strengths • Cost • Quick response

  32. Soluble N Sources Weaknesses • Volatility and leaching • Longevity • Flush of growth • Inefficient • Burn potential, High salt index.

  33. Slow Release Fertilizer • Fertilizer stays in root zone, long enough for plant to take up

  34. Polymer Coated Sulfur Coated Urea (PCSCU-XCU) Manufacturing Process • Pre-heated Urea granules are sprayed with Molten Sulfur. • Polymer sealant applied to fill holes in coating to prevent premature release of nitrogen. • Durable coating resists breakage • Final result is a 43% nitrogen product.

  35. Polymer Coated Sulfur Coated Urea (PCSCU-XCU) Release Mechanism • Two Release Methods • Holes in polymer coating. • Microbial Oxidation of sulfur coat. • 6-8 Week Performance

  36. PCSCU-XCU Strengths & Weaknesses Strengths • Low Cost • Up to Two Month Performance • Contains Sulfur for Sulfur Deficient Soils Weaknesses • High Upfront Release (Turf Burn) • Release is Un-Predictable • Coating is Susceptible to Damage (Nitrogen Loss)

  37. PCSCU-XCU Markets • Professional Lawn Care • Golf Course • Landscaping/Ornamental • Sports Turf • Sod Production • Retail

  38. Urea Reaction Nitrogen Manufacturing • Ureaform (UF)-Nitroform 38-0-0 • 4.5% Urea, 6.9% SAWSN, 26.6% WIN • Methylene Urea (MU)-Nutralene 40-0-0 • 5.0% Urea, 20.5% SAWSN, 14.5% WIN • URN’s are made by chemically reacting Urea with an Aldehyde.

  39. Urea Reaction Nitrogen Release Mechanism • Release is determined by Soil Microbes and the Length of Polymers of the INSOLUBLE forms of Nitrogen,(WIN) and Hydrolysis (Moisture). • UF typically has a Longer Polymer Chain and will last longer than MU. • UF lasts 14 Weeks to 1 Year. • MU normally lasts 10-16 weeks.

  40. URN Strengths & Weaknesses Strengths • Both have Low Burn Potential (Low Salt Index) • Mid to long term release=less applications per year • Small Particle Size • Soil ph- Flourishing Microbes=Neutral ph (7.0) • Relatively Costly

  41. URN Strengths & Weaknesses Weaknesses • Because Microbial Conversion is Required Factors that Affect Microbe Activity also Affect Nitrogen Release. • Soil Temperature-Warm Temps=High Populations • Soil Moisture-High Moisture=High Active Microbes • Soil Organic Matter-Carbon Rich O/M=Quick Conversion

  42. URN Markets • Golf Courses • Greens • Tees • Fairways • Nursery • Container Stock • Field Stock • Tree and Shrub Fertilization • Greenhouse • Sports Turf • Landscaping • Established Turf and Groundcovers

  43. Polymer Coated Urea (Duration & XRT) Manufacturing • Heated Urea is placed into a Reactor. • An over-the-top, continuous layer of Polymer is applied to each individual granule. • A “Protective Coating” is applied inside the Reactor. • The finished product is cooled and placed into storage. • 41-0-0, 43-0-0. 44-0-0 • PCU can Last from 2 - 6 Months, depending on the coating thickness.

  44. Polymer Coated Urea (PCU - Duration) Release Mechanism • Soil moisture passes thru the polymer membrane (diffusion) and dissolves the urea inside. • Liquid urea solution encapsulated by the membrane passes thru the membrane as soil temperature heats the soil. • Nitrogen is “metered” out to the turf based on the demand of the turf and Soil Temperature.

  45. Effect of Moisture • Soil moisture required • Initiates the release • Saturation process • Rainfall/Irrigation needed

  46. PCU Strengths & Weaknesses Strengths • Minimal growth flushes • Soil Temperature is only environmental factor that determines release. • Low Burn Potential at High Rates. Weaknesses • Relatively costly • High nitrogen rates dissuade usage on Golf Courses (high salt index) and makes it too costly for Lawn Care Companies. • Subject to mower and traffic damage

  47. Stabilized Nitrogen™ Manufacturing UMAXX 46-0-0 UFLEXX 46-0-0 • A liquid mixture of urea (ammonia + carbon dioxide) is modified by adding a “urease inhibitor” and a “nitrification inhibitor”. • Then dried and granulated to a 46-0-0. • UMAXX contains twice the amount of “nitrification inhibitor” than UFLEXX.

  48. Stabilized Nitrogen™ Release Mechanism • Urea reacts with moisture (hydrolysis) and the urease enzyme. • Urease converts the urea to Ammonia gas (NH3) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2). As much as 30% of the applied nitrogen can be lost in a 72 hour period. • As urea moves into the soil thru irrigation, it is converted by microbes that oxidize the Ammonium (NH4+) form of nitrogen, first to Nitrite (NO2-), then Nitrates (NO3-). This process is called NITRIFICATION. • Plants utilize nitrogen in the stable ammonium form, as well as the unstable nitrate form.

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