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Understanding Genetics: Key Concepts and Terminology

This comprehensive overview of genetics explores the fundamental principles of heredity, including the passing of traits from parents to offspring, the role of alleles, chromosomes, and sex cells. Key topics include Punnett squares for predicting genotypes and phenotypes, the significance of homozygous and heterozygous alleles, and the foundational contributions of Gregor Mendel, known as the "Father of Genetics." Additionally, we discuss fundamental genetic terms, including genotype and phenotype, to enhance your understanding of genetic inheritance and its implications in living organisms.

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Understanding Genetics: Key Concepts and Terminology

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  1. SCIENCE Genetics Review Good Luck!

  2. #1 What do we call the passing of traits from parents to offspring? Probability Recessive Heredity

  3. #2 Examples of alleles are _________? round and wrinkled for seed shape Male and female Blue eyes and brown hair ,,,

  4. #3 Chromosomes contain ____. anthers many genes proteins

  5. #4If you cross a Bb with a bb, what are the possible genotypes?(make a Punnett square) All BB All bb The Great Compromise 50% Bb and 50% bb All Bb

  6. #5 For the Punnett square you just did, what is the phenotype of the offspring?(If B = black and b = brown) All Black 1/2black,1/2 brown All Brown

  7. #6 A normal human sex cell has how many chromosomes ? The same number of chromosomes as every other cell Twice the number of chromosomes as every other cell Half the number of chromosomes as every other cell

  8. #7What does Heterozygous means? Alleles are the Same Alleles are Different

  9. #8 Who is known as the “Father of Genetics”? Mendel Punnett Newton “FATHER OF GENETICS”

  10. #9 What name is given to the set of instructions for a characteristic? Gene DNA Chromosome

  11. #10 Homozygous means? Alleles are the Same Alleles are Different

  12. #11Meiosis results in the production of _______? Sex cells Cells with the half the number of chromosomes All of the above

  13. 12. What symbol is used to represent males in a pedigree? circle square diamond

  14. 13. In the pedigree above, how do you know who has the trait? They are filled in They are all female They are all male

  15. 1 14. In the pedigree above, how many siblings does individual 1 have? 5 4 2

  16. #15All of an individual’s alleles are known as their _________? Pedigree Phenotype Genotype

  17. #16What are chromosomes? The same thing as Alleles Organized structures of DNA

  18. #17How many sets of instructions does an individual have for each trait? 3 1 2

  19. #18a) Complete this punnett square.Which of the following best describes your results? 1 purple:3 white 4 purple:0white 3 purple:1 white 2 purple:2 white

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