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Exploring Sin and Redemption in Hamlet: The Role of The Ghost

This session delves into the themes of sin, guilt, and redemption in Shakespeare's "Hamlet." We will analyze the Christian (Catholic) beliefs of the characters and how these influence their actions and conflicts, particularly through the character of Old Hamlet’s Ghost. The discussion will center on the distinctions between mortal and venial sins, the concept of Purgatory, and how these ideas shape Hamlet's internal struggles with morality and existential fears. Students will prepare for a quiz on Act I by evaluating the characters' beliefs and actions.

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Exploring Sin and Redemption in Hamlet: The Role of The Ghost

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Oct 10 – Lit – The Ghost Agenda: • Quick-write • Notes: Sin in Hamlet • The Ghost Speaks HW: • Study for a quiz on the characters, action and language of Act I Take Out: • Journals • Pen/Pencil • Notebook • Book

  2. Q-W:Describe what you see here

  3. “Hell”c. 1180

  4. Sin in Hamlet • Characters have Christian (Catholic) beliefs • Catholic – guilt and fear • Nearly all characters display religious traits • Desire to reach Heaven, basic fear of both Hell and Purgatory • Believe that sins (mortal and venial) must be confessed “An Angel Frees the Souls of Purgatory” -Lodovico Carracci c. 1610

  5. Mortal Sin • The knowing and willful violation of God's law in a serious matter • Constitute a rupture between a soul and God’s saving grace • Un-confessed / un-forgiven mortal sins condemn a soul to Hell • Forgiveness occurs only in life • The death of a body with un-forgiven sins causes the “death” of the soul • For a sin to be mortal it must be: • A “grave” (serious) matter • Known to be serious by the person committing the sin • Willfully/freely committed

  6. Venial Sin • “All wrongdoing is sin, but there is sin that is not mortal.” John 5-17 • Slight/non-mortal sins • Do not break – but injure – the connection to God • As opposed to a mortal sin, a venial sin meets at least one of the following criteria: • It does not concern a "grave" matter • It is not committed with full knowledge, or • It is not willfully/freely committed

  7. Purgatory • “The Third Place” - Martin Luther • God’s judgment upon death with un-confessed venial sins sent a soul to Purgatory • Not an eternal abode – soul spent an unknown period of time there • Determined by amount and severity of venial sin • “Unfinished business” • Meant as a place for a soul to “purge” venial sins before final judgment • Can be assisted by the living

  8. Sin in Hamlet • Old Hamlet’s Ghost is believed to reside in purgatory • Hamlet and Claudius – like other Christians – are scared of Hell, and desire Heaven • Hamlet is against mortal sin – suicide, murder, etc. – because of the eternal consequences

  9. Act I: Scene iv & v • Read Act I: Scene 5 in your group of 4 • Answer the questions on the worksheet following your reading • Think about: What is the ghost asking of Hamlet that conflicts with his religious beliefs?

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