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Workshop Eric Reuland

A linear asymmetry inside VP: the interruption of verb clusters by non-verbal material Eric Hoekstra. Workshop Eric Reuland. (1) Typological asymmetries. As there are languages with Verb-First, there must be languages with V-last

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Workshop Eric Reuland

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  1. A linear asymmetry inside VP: the interruption of verb clusters by non-verbal materialEric Hoekstra Workshop Eric Reuland

  2. (1) Typological asymmetries • As there are languages with Verb-First, there must be languages with V-last • As there are languages with V-Second, there must be languages with V-Last-but-One • As there are languages moving Wh-items to the first position in the clause, there must be languages moving Wh-items to the last position in the clause.

  3. (2) Omdat ik jou wel zou hebben because I you AVP would have willen blijven zien staan toekijken. want stay see stand watch 'Because I would have liked to see you continue standing there watching.'

  4. (3a) Modern Dutch, verb order 123 Wie weet waarom Huntelaar niet who knows why Huntelaar not mocht worden geselecteerd. might-1 become-2 selected-3. ‘Who knows why Huntelaar was not allowed to be selected.’

  5. (3b) Modern Frisian, verb order 321 Wa wit wêrom’t Huntelaar net who knows why Huntelaar not selektearre wurde mocht. selected-3 might-2 become-1 ‘Who knows why Huntelaar was not allowed to be selected.’

  6. (4a) Old English 1 X 2 3 Thaet he eft mage aet that he afterwards may at sumon saele beon geclaensod. some time be purified ‘That he may afterwards be purified at some time.’

  7. (4b) Old English 1 2 X 3 Thaet hi ne sceoldon beon to that they not might be too swidhe afyrhte. strongly terrified ‘That they might not be too terrified.’

  8. (5) Head-initial occurences in Old English corpus consulted by Koopman 1 2 3 343 1 X 23 156 12 X 3 151 1 X 2 X 3 50

  9. (6) Old English 321 “shows no variation at all. In all the cases the three verbs are adjacent.” (Koopman:p. 49). * 3 X 2 1 * 3 2 X 1

  10. (7) Head-final occurences in Old English corpus consulted by Koopman 3 2 1 80 3 X 21 0 32 X 1 0 3 X 2 X 1 0

  11. (8) Break-up in subclusters of three-verb clusters Break-up No break-up 1 X 2 21 2 X 3 32

  12. (9a) Hypothetical generalisation 1: Strict head-initiality A subcluster of two verbs may be broken up only if the preceding head selects the following head.

  13. (9b) Hypothetical generalisation 2: Relaxed head-initiality `A subcluster of two verbs may be broken up only if the preceding head selects the following head or there is an additional head such that the preceding head selects the additional head and the additional head selects the following head.

  14. (10) Predictions for the subclusters 13 and 31: 1 X 3 3 X 1 Strict head-initiality * * Relaxed head-init. OK * NB Recursive head-initiality.

  15. (11) Support for relaxed head-initiality The subcluster 1X3 occurs in the clusters 1X32 and 21X3; both are attested in OE:

  16. (11a) 1 X 3 2 Thaet he moste sumum rican menn that he might some powerful man to bearne geteald beon. as child accounted be ‘That he might be accounted the child of some powerful man.’

  17. (11b) 2 1 X 3 Thaet dhu wurdhan scealt mid urum that you become must with our swurdum ofslagen mid him. swords killed with him ‘That you must be killed with our swords together with him.’

  18. (12) Further prediction from relaxed head-initiality for 231 2 X 3 1 OK (though partly headfinal) 2 3 X 1 *

  19. (13) Modern Dutch, head-initial (13a) Omdat hij mij op wou bellen. because he me up wanted call 'Because he wanted to call me up.‘ (13b) Omdat hij mij wou op bellen. because he me wanted up call

  20. (14) Modern Dutch, head-final (14a) Omdat hij mij op bellen wou. because he me up phone would (14b) * Omdat hij mij bellen op wou. because he me phone up would

  21. (15) Modern Frisian, head-final (15a) Omdat ik dy him op beljen because I you him up call-5 hearre wollen hawwe soe. hear-4 wanted-3 have-2 would-1

  22. (16) Modern Frisian, head-final, continued Omdat ik dy him … * … beljen op hearre wollen hawwe soe. call-5 up hear-4 wanted-3 have-2 would-1 * … beljen hearre op wollen hawwe soe. * … beljen hearre wollen op hawwe soe. * … beljen hearre wollen hawwe op soe.

  23. (16a) (Aarschots, Pauwels 1965:109) Dat ik verleden jaar een huis that I last year a house doen bouwen heb. make-2 build-3 have 'That I had a house built last year.'

  24. (16b)(Katwijks, De Vink 2004:118) Hij was bang dat ie he was afraid that he blijve zitte mos. stay-2 sitting-3 must-1 'He was afraid that he should stay sitting.'

  25. (17) Predictions for interruption in these clusters (17a) 2 X 3 1, prediction: OK (17b) 2 3 X 1, prediction: *

  26. (17a) 2 X 3 1, prediction: OK (17a) De soldaete hoorde tot ze the` soldiers heard that they blijve deur vichte mosse stay-2 through fight-3 must-1 'The soldiers heard that they had to continue fighting.'

  27. (17b) 2 3 X 1, prediction: * (17b) * De soldaete hoorde tot ze the soldiers heard that they blijve vichte deur mosse stay-2 fight-3 through must-1

  28. (18a) 2 X 3 1, prediction: OK Omdat ze ‘m niet because they him not late op houwe konde let-2 up stop-3 could-1 'Because they could not let him stop.'

  29. (18b) 2 3 X 1, prediction: * * Omdat ze ‘m niet because they him not late houwe op konde let-2 stop-3 up could-1 'Because they could not let him stop.'

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