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9.1 All cells come from existing cells

9.1 All cells come from existing cells. Objectives Describe how cell reproduction contributes to repair and to growth. Contrast the two main ways that organisms reproduce. Key Terms asexual reproduction sexual reproduction.

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9.1 All cells come from existing cells

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  1. 9.1 All cells come from existing cells

  2. Objectives • Describe how cell reproduction contributes to repair and to growth. • Contrast the two main ways that organisms reproduce. • Key Terms • asexual reproduction • sexual reproduction

  3. The division of cells into more cells enables living things to repair damage, to grow, and to produce offspring.

  4. All of the trillions of cells in your body result from cell reproduction, a series of cell divisions that began with a single fertilized egg cell.

  5. ReproductionWhile the production of new cells can result in growth and repair within organisms, cell division also has an essential role in the reproduction of entire organisms. Some organisms reproduce by simple cell division, in which a single cell or group of cells each duplicates its genetic material and then splits into two new genetically identical cells. This process, which is known as asexual reproduction, produces offspring that inherit all their genetic material from just one parent.

  6. As a result, the offspring are genetically identical to one another and to their parent. Single-celled organisms such as Paramecium usually reproduce this way. Many multicellular organisms can also reproduce asexually at certain times. For example, some sea stars, when divided into two pieces, can regrow into two whole new individuals through simple cell division. And if you've ever grown a geranium from a leaf cutting, you've taken advantage of the plant's ability to reproduce asexually.

  7. In contrast, when two parents are involved in the production of offspring, the process is called sexual reproduction. In sexual reproduction genetic material from each of two parents combines, producing offspring that differ genetically from either parent. Sexual reproduction involves the union of sex cells, such as an egg and a sperm

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