1. Phylum Cnidaria Hydra, jellyfish, coral, & sea anemones

2. Phylum Cnidaria Examples? • Sea anemones • Corals • Sea Pen • Sea Fan • Sea Plume • Hydra • Jelly fish • Portuguese Man o’ War • Box Jelly Fish

3. I. Body Structure A. Polymorphism = more than one body form 1. Polyp 2. Medusa

4. B. Polyp • Tube with tentacles around the mouth • Sessile Coral polyp

5. Polyp (sea anemone)

6. Mythical Hydra

7. Polyp (Hydra)

8. Perseus slays the Gorgon Medusa

9. C. Medusa • Umbrella shape • Tentacles around mouth • Motile, Free-swimming

10. D. Tentacles • Have nematocysts (stinging cells) • Coiled thread discharges like a harpoon • Contains neurotoxin • Paralyzes prey Discharged nematocyst

11. Discharged nematocyst

12. II. Level of Organization A. Tissue B. No organs

13. III. Symmetry Radial Compass jellyfish

14. IV. Habitat A. Aquatic 1. Most Marine 2. Few fresh-water

15. V. Feeding A. Carnivores (predators) B. Process of feeding 1. Tentacles sting prey with nematocysts 2. Tentacles grab prey 3. Prey pulled into mouth Lion’s mane eats another jelly

16. Process of feeding 4. Prey stuffed into gastro-vascular cavity (GVC)* 5. GVC makes enzymes, extra-cellular digestion 6. Undigested food back out mouth *incomplete digestive tract (no anus)

17. Lion’s mane jellyfish eating

18. VI. Respiration • Via diffusion • Body is two cell layers thick

19. VII. Internal Transport Via diffusion

20. VIII. Excretion • Via diffusion

21. IX. Response • No cephalization or nervous system • Nerve net around mouth

22. IX. Response C. Sensory cells 1. Chemoreceptors (chemicals) 2. Thigmoreceptors (touch) 3. Photoreceptors (light) Ocelli (eyespots) 4. Statocysts (balance)

23. X. Locomotion • Medusa motile, free-swimming • Polyps sessile Exceptions: 1. Hydra tumbles on tentacles 2. Sea anemones glide on pedal disc

24. XI. Reproduction 1. Asexual budding from polyps or medusae 2. Sexual a. Medusae release sperm & eggs b. Some monoecious, some dioecious c. Larvae free-swimming

25. XII. Ecological Role • Predators and prey • Neurotoxins in medical research • Coral – jewelry, building, reefs (surfing!) • Coral reefs - habitat for many -great biodiversity - protect coastline E. Symbiosis with other organisms

26. Class Anthozoa: Sea Anemones

27. Sea Anemones (with sea urchins)

28. Sea Anemones Clown fish with sea anemone

29. Clown fish & eggs with sea anemone

30. Clown fish with sea anemone

31. Giant Sea Anemone

32. Rosy Sea Anemone

33. Class Anthozoa: Corals

34. Brain Coral

35. Coral

36. Colt Coral

37. Elkhorn Coral

38. Cabbage Coral

39. Flower Coral

40. Feather Coral

41. Gorgonian Fan Coral

42. Lamellina Coral

43. Sun Coral

44. Subergorgia Coral

45. Soft Coral

46. Sea Pen

47. Sea Fan

48. Sea Plume

49. Class Hydrozoa: Green Hydra

50. Hydra