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Input – Integration - OUTPUT

Input – Integration - OUTPUT. Neil Greenberg Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Tennessee. ENVIRONMENT. Receptors (sensory organs). General effectors (muscles and glands). CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. DEVELOPMENT ... “use it or lose it” “we make the path by walking”

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Input – Integration - OUTPUT

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  1. Input – Integration - OUTPUT Neil GreenbergDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of Tennessee

  2. ENVIRONMENT Receptors (sensory organs) General effectors (muscles and glands) CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

  3. DEVELOPMENT ... • “use it or lose it” “we make the path by walking” • Age and exposure to environmental information which could directly (neuroplasticity) and epigenetically (genetic “switching”) affect future development

  4. ECOLOGY: ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ... • Detected by/affects sense organs … • becomes percepts and • is assessed for relevance based on congenital and acquired criteria, and …

  5. EVOLUTION: contributions to past or present biological fitness ... • “Bricolage” … taking advantage of any available source of adaptive advantage. • The “environment of evolutionary adaptedness” (EEA) … the past perpetually affects future: • May have to consider current COST versus past BENEFIT

  6. Input – Integration - OUTPUT • Conscious and nonconscious cognitive processes have committed to a course of action • which could be inaction • Neuromuscular • e.g., “voluntary” and smooth muscles • Neuroendocrine • e.g., gonadotrophic (reproductive); adrenotrophic (stress)

  7. IMPULSES come under progressively more control: “the “organ of civilization” • Reflexes protect us • Organized at a “lower level of cotrol for rapid response • Can be over-ridden

  8. IMPULSES come under progressively more control from higher centers: • Reflexes organized at a “lower level of control for rapid response … • …can be over-ridden

  9. COORDINATED FUNCTION ENABLES EFFECTIVE ACTION: OUTPUT to autonomic or somatic functions -- muscles or glands

  10. CORRESPONDENCE (reality testing) and COHERENCE (cognitive contextualizing) work in lockstep and in balance to provide a sense of CONFIDENCE. The highest confidence is the “truth.”

  11. NEEDS … prioritized with help of autonomic nervous system activating specific motivational circuits. Coordination of • STRESS: Autonomic-AM system, HPA axis • SEX: HPG axis

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