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Citizenship and the nature of social exclusion

Citizenship and the nature of social exclusion. Dr Maurice Mullard Malta lectures. Defining Citizenship Exclusion of Non Citizens. Legal framework – citizenship and nationals ascribed citizenship German Citizenship and blood ties Naturalisation – UK Citizenship tests Exclusion includes

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Citizenship and the nature of social exclusion

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  1. Citizenship and the nature of social exclusion Dr Maurice Mullard Malta lectures

  2. Defining Citizenship Exclusion of Non Citizens • Legal framework – citizenship and nationals ascribed citizenship German Citizenship and blood ties Naturalisation – • UK Citizenship tests • Exclusion includes • Asylum seekers • Economic migrants • Legal and Non Legal Aliens • United Nations Conventions of 1985 on the Rights of non Citizens

  3. Human Rights International Law • UDHR 1948 rights of the person life dignity respect rights to trial due process of law • Covenants 1966 Political Social Rights Economic Rights • ECHR • HRA • Citizenship beyond the boundaries of the nation state

  4. Exclusion and the nature of discrimination • Race – McPherson report on institutional racism in UK police force • PACE 1984 – stop and search reasonable grounds • War on Terror increase in racial profiling • Rendition • Guantnamo Bay • Abu Ghraib • Islamophobia

  5. Exclusion and Gender • Discourse on Women dependence passive • Home ownership • Domestic violence • Access to welfare pensions reform • Wage Discrimination and inequality • Freedom from Fear

  6. The Nature of Social Exclusion • Citizenship as membership of community a sense of belonging - Marshall • Citizenship Civil Rights, Political Rights and Social Rights • Social Citizenship contestable concept • Social access to health education social security housing pensions expenditure on social provision

  7. Globalisation and Economic Exclusion • Explaining Global Inequalities population of 6bn 1.4. bn in abject poverty of less than 1.20 dollars a day another 2 bn margin of 2 dollars • Consumer Society world of 800 million consumers • Importance of Consumption to national economies • Flawed consumers and poverty

  8. Definitions of Poverty who are the poor • Subsistence and Relative Poverty • Booth Studies in York 1890 • Subsistence nutrition calories and diets • Influence of benchmarking social security payments • Recession 2008 2009 sub prime mortgages in the US • Poverty and Unemployment the Hungry Thirties • Ghost of Unemployment 2009

  9. Exclusion Health • Universal Health – models insurance based (US) State Insurance (Europe) Taxation (UK) • US problems of health care costs – paradox spending and large number of uninsured Obama reforms • Limits of UK NHS Gp fund holders quasi market • Le Grande Studies of access to health care life expectancy cancer survival regional variations

  10. Exclusion Education • Access to University Education Tuition Fees • Spending on Primary Schools • Globalisation MDGs commitment to literacy • Spending on Universities on poor countries subsidies to elites Tanzi studies

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