China: Classical Civilizations (500 B.C. - 600 C.E.)

1. Daily Objective9/17/12 • Warm-up (10 Minutes) • QW: China • PowerPoint and Notes • Classical Civilizations 500 B.C. to 600 C.E. • China • Dynasties • Social & Gender Structure • Major Trading • Arts & Technology • Religion

2. Quick Write • BYOT: Write down at least 1 fact about each of the following terms or ideals • Mandate of Heaven • Silk Road • Confucianism • Great Wall of China

3. Classical Civilizations 500 B.C. to 600 A.D. • China • India • Mediterranean • Persia • Greece • Rome

4. China • Dynasties of the Classical Period • Zhou, Qin & Han

5. China • Zhou Dynasty • No centralized government: Power was given to members of the ruling family • Believed in the Mandate of Heaven • God in Heaven would determine who would rule China • People believed that if a ruler became selfish & thought of himself first, before the people, then heaven would bring floods, riots, and revolts to end his reign • The greatest legacy of the Zhou Dynasty was the work of Chinese philosophers Confucius and Lao Tzu • Land was given to nobles in exchange for their military service • The nobles ended up too powerful and a civil war erupted • Capital was destroyed in 771 B.C. • Became part of the warring states • Period in which China broke into several regions • The Qin Dynasty begins to dominate

6. China • Qin Dynasty • Leader: Cheng • Titled himself Shih Huang TI (1st Emperor) • Very brutal ruler • Established an Autocracy (all power was given to the Emperor) • Lasted on 15 years but Shih Huang accomplished a lot for China • centralized power by dividing China into districts • constructed roads and canals to unite distant parts of the empire • built the Great Wall of China (1500 miles long, 22 feet tall, and 15 feet thick) • Shih was buried with an army of clay soldiers surrounding his tomb

7. China • Han Dynasty • Chinese have called themselves Han ever since • Implemented Civil Service System • Est. to govern day to day business • Testing made it possible commoners to work their way up & nobles could not claim high status as a right any more • Theoretically it was open to everyone, but only people with money could afford training • Developed the Silk Road • Connected China to the rest of the word • Main trade route of region and time period • Spread Chinese culture and technology throughout the world • the Chinese traded their silk, iron, & bronze for gold • Population grew to about 50 million • Lasted until 220 A.D.

8. Terra-Cotta Army of the Qin Dynasty A total of over 7,000 pottery soldiers, more than 100 chariots, 4,000-plus pottery horses and as many as over 100,000 weapons

9. China • Social and Gender Structures • Patriarchy: is a social system in which the male acts as the primary authority figure central to social organization • Each family kept detailed genealogy (Family Tree) • Respect, honor and family name were very important • Woman had very few rights, but were very well respected

10. China • Silk Road • Began around 114 B.C. • Interconnected series of ancient trading routes connecting China with the Mediterranean • Culture Exchange • Changed China’s role in the world • Broke down barriers of isolationism • Exports • Silk • Porcelain pottery • Imports • Woolen and linen cloth • Glass • Horses • Ivory

11. The Silk Road

12. China • Major Belief Systems • Daoism • Found by Laozi • “The way”: harmony with nature (yi and yang) • Confucianism • Founded by Confucius • Taught the importance of family, respect for elders and ancestry • Sought to end political disorder • Concerned with political and social ideas • Taught that people should accept roles and perform duties • Taught that people had the right to rebel against harsh or unjust rulers

13. China • Science & Technology • Discovered that a year is slightly longer then 365 days • Developed a system to track the planets • Learned how to dye cloth • Invented • Rudders • Gun powder • Paper • Compasses