1. Pop Quiz 1)A Change in a sequence of DNA is called what? 2) Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment what? 3) The change in allele frequencies in genetic drift is due to what? 4) What separates populations in Geographic Isolation?

2. AIM • Turn in Homework • Go Over Wednesday’s Lab • Notes on Macroevolution • New Homework – Vocabulary Chapter 17 due Monday

3. Macroevolution • Macroevolution is the large scale evolutionary patterns that occur over long periods of time. This includes: • Extinction, adaptive radiation, convergent evolution, coevolution, punctuated equilibrium, and changes in developmental genes.

4. Figure 17-5 Geologic Time Scale Section 17-1 (millions of years ago) (millions of years ago) Era Period Time (millions of years ago) Era Period Time Era Period Time Permian Carboniferous Devonian Silurian Ordovician Cambrian 290 – 245 360–290 410–360 440–410 505–440 544–505 Quaternary Tertiary Cretaceous Jurassic Triassic 1.8–present 65–1.8 145–65 208–145 245–208 Vendian 650–544

5. Figure 17-5 Geologic Time Scale Section 17-1 (millions of years ago) (millions of years ago) Era Period Time (millions of years ago) Era Period Time Era Period Time Permian Carboniferous Devonian Silurian Ordovician Cambrian 290 – 245 360–290 410–360 440–410 505–440 544–505 Quaternary Tertiary Cretaceous Jurassic Triassic 1.8–present 65–1.8 145–65 208–145 245–208 Vendian 650–544

6. Figure 17-5 Geologic Time Scale Section 17-1 (millions of years ago) (millions of years ago) Era Period Time (millions of years ago) Era Period Time Era Period Time Permian Carboniferous Devonian Silurian Ordovician Cambrian 290 – 245 360–290 410–360 440–410 505–440 544–505 Quaternary Tertiary Cretaceous Jurassic Triassic 1.8–present 65–1.8 145–65 208–145 245–208 Vendian 650–544

7. Extinction – 99% of all species that ever lived has become extinct • Several times in Earth’s history mass extinctions wiped out entire ecosystems. • Did and asteroid wipe out all the dinosaurs? • What is the result of mass extinctions?

8. Adaptive Radiation • When a species evolves into totally distinct species. • Example: • Finches that Darwin Observed, Dinosaurs evolved from reptiles. • AR can produce species that look alike but aren’t related

9. Convergent Evolution • The Process that makes unrelated species resemble one another. • Example – similar shapes of sharks and dolphins.

10. Coevolution • Species interact in some way over long periods of time – Example flowering plants and the bees that pollinate them. • Species evolve in response to changes in each other over time.

11. Video 2 Video 2 Evolution of Cells • Click the image to play the video segment.

12. Punctuated Equilibrium • Long stable periods of fossil records are interrupted by a burst of new species. • Based on fossil record. • Often times rapid specie changes are recorded in fossil record • Example Cambrian Explosion

13. Developmental Genes and Body Plan • Changes to the developing embryo genes can result in big changes to the organism. • Example - Changes in the activation of genes can make the difference between having short legs and long legs

14. Macroevolution Review • Macroevolution is the large scale evolutionary patterns that occur over long periods of time. This includes: • Extinction, adaptive radiation, convergent evolution, coevolution, punctuated equilibrium, and changes in developmental genes.