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Vertebrates

Vertebrates. Subphylum Vertebrata Internal jointed skeleton of vertebrates is living tissue that grows with the animal Main axis of skeleton consists of vertebral columns and a skull that encloses the brain Cephalization is accompanied by sense organs Evolution of jaws and predation

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Vertebrates

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  1. Vertebrates • Subphylum Vertebrata • Internal jointed skeleton of vertebrates is living tissue that grows with the animal • Main axis of skeleton consists of vertebral columns and a skull that encloses the brain • Cephalization is accompanied by sense organs • Evolution of jaws and predation • Amnion allows reproduction on land

  2. Phylogenetic Tree of the Chordates

  3. Vertebrate Features • Living endoskeleton with vertebral column • Closed circulatory system • Paired appendages • Efficient respiration and excretion • High degree of cephalization • Adapted to active lifestyles

  4. Phylogenetic Tree of Reptiles

  5. Birds • Characteristics of Class Aves • Feathers • Hard-shelled amniotic egg • Four-chambered heart • Often winged • Air sacs • Endothermic

  6. Alligator vs Bird “hands & feet”

  7. Archeopteryx fossil from Bavaria How is it different from modern birds?

  8. Common features between archeopteryx and modern birds (in black)

  9. • Approximately 9,000 – 9,600 species – Amphibia 4,184 –Reptilia 6,300 –Mammalia 4,000 • 30 orders, 174 families and 2044 genera Why do you think birds are so successful? Birds Today

  10. Bird Beaks – Why the difference?Why are these beaks different?

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