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Greg Brinkman Debbie Lew

The Western Wind and Solar Integration Study (WWSIS) Phase 2 explores the integration of high levels of renewable energy, focusing on hydro dispatch assumptions. It refines previous analyses by examining the costs and emissions impacts associated with cycling and ramping fossil-fueled units. The study outlines core scenarios, hydro dispatchability, reserve categories, and optimization horizons—monthly, day-ahead, and real-time. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of increased wind and solar penetration on the electricity grid, emphasizing reasonable core assumptions crucial for informed stakeholder engagement.

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Greg Brinkman Debbie Lew

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  1. Western Wind and Solar Integration Study phase 2: Hydro dispatch assumptions Greg Brinkman Debbie Lew National Renewable Energy LaboratoryGolden, Colorado USA

  2. WWSIS phase 2 • Follow-up on phase 1 analysis with focus: • Understanding costs of cycling and ramping fossil-fueled units • Understanding emissions impacts of cycling and ramping fossil-fueled units • Analyzing the cycling and ramping impacts of wind and solar penetration High renewables case No Wind/Solar Phase 1 results

  3. High wind (25% wind, 4.8% PV, 3.2% CSP)

  4. Intermediate (16.5% wind, 9.9% PV, 6.6% CSP)

  5. High solar (8% wind, 15% PV, 10% CSP)

  6. Refined assumptions • Core scenarios • Hydro dispatchability • Reserve categories and requirements • Sensitivities • High hydro dispatchability • Even though we will run hydro sensitivities, it is important to have reasonable core assumptions because these cases will get significant attention by readers

  7. Optimization horizons • Monthly – monthly energy limits are input, PLEXOS optimizes these limits into daily limits • Day ahead – optimize hourly usage within daily limits passed from monthly • RT – model can allow violations of DA schedule for a penalty price • All subject to unit-specific constraints (monthly max/min, ramp rates, dispatchablevs non-dispatchable)

  8. Hydro dispatchability • Hydro defined as “flexible” or “inflexible” based on WECC TEPPC hydro modeling task force work

  9. Hydro dispatchability – range of all units • Grey area includes dispatchable range of all hydro units for each month • Min/max is approximately equal to average ± 15%

  10. Hydro dispatchability – range of PLF units • Grey area includes dispatchable range of all hydro units for each month • Min/max is approximately equal to average ± 20%

  11. Questions? • Greg Brinkman • 303-384-7390 • gregory.brinkman@nrel.gov • Debbie Lew • 303-384-7037 • debra.lew@nrel.gov

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