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Key Developments in Brazil's Climate Policy (2009-2010)

This report outlines significant federal-level updates in Brazil regarding climate change from 2009 to 2010. Key highlights include the preliminary report on the Brazilian National Greenhouse Gas Inventory, which shows increasing emissions from 1990 to 2005, and the establishment of the National Climate Change Fund under Federal Law #12187/2009. Brazil's commitment to reducing emissions through renewable energy and forest conservation is reaffirmed. Proposed legislations on REDD and Payments for Environmental Services indicate a focus on environmental sustainability, although funding sources remain unclear.

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Key Developments in Brazil's Climate Policy (2009-2010)

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  1. WW GENERAL UPDATES FROM THE FEDERAL LEVEL IN BRAZIL (2009-2010) Ernesto Roessing GCF Country Coordinator eroessing@gmail.com GOVERNORS’ CLIMATE AND FOREST TASKFORCE | 2010

  2. Key developments • A) Preliminary Report of the Second Brazilian National Greenhouse Gas Inventory • Release November 30th, 2009 • CO2e: from 1357770 Gg in 1990 to 2196908 Gg in 2005 • LULUCF: 55% in 1990 / 57.7% in 2005 • CO2: from 931746 Gg in 1990 to 1574562 Gg in 2005 • LULUFC: +/- stable participation (around 76%) • Figures may be misleading, given the recent reduction in deforestation GOVERNORS’ CLIMATE AND FOREST TASKFORCE | 2010

  3. Key developments GOVERNORS’ CLIMATE AND FOREST TASKFORCE | 2010

  4. Key developments • B) Brazilian Law on Climate Change and Creation of the National Climate Change Fund • Federal Law # 12187/2009 • National Policy on Climate Change (PNMC) • 13 mostly programmatic provisions • National Climate Change Fund • Federal Law # 12114/2009 (among other things, funds from levies imposed on oil producers / financial support for climate change mitigation and adaptation projects) • Brazilian Emissions Reductions Market (MBRE) • Voluntary target = 36.1% - 38.9% reduction (against a BAU scenario) until 2020 • Decree will establish the sectoral plans and targets GOVERNORS’ CLIMATE AND FOREST TASKFORCE | 2010

  5. Key developments • C) Brazilian submission to the UNFCCC under the terms of the Copenhagen Accord (January 2010) • Brazil reaffirmed its commitment to reduce emissions from 36.1%-38.9% (against a BAU baseline) until 2020 • Energy efficiency • Renewable and alternative energy • Agricultural, industrial, forestry and land sectors • Target based on a voluntary domestic action • Cut deforestation emissions by 564 million metric tons of CO2e until 2020. GOVERNORS’ CLIMATE AND FOREST TASKFORCE | 2010

  6. Key developments • D) Proposed legislations on REDD and Payment for Environmental Services • Proposed Legislation #792/2007 • Creation of a National Policy on Payment for Environmental Services • Water resources • Biodiversity • Conservation of Protected Areas • Reforestation and recovery of degraded areas • Conservation of urban forests • Soil carbon sequestration and storage • DRAWBACKS • Does not identify a source of funding for such payments GOVERNORS’ CLIMATE AND FOREST TASKFORCE | 2010

  7. Key developments • D) Proposed legislations on REDD and Payment for Environmental Services • Proposed Legislation #5586/2009 • National framework for REDD projects in Brazil • Creation of the Certified Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (RCEDD) • Similar to Kyoto Protocol CERs • Discussion regarding its legal nature (security or intangible asset traded through contract) • CRITICISM • Proposal is too focused in the establishment of a CDM-like regime for REDD in Brazil • Need of a greater approach to encompass combination of public and market finances as well as of subnational and national nested approaches. GOVERNORS’ CLIMATE AND FOREST TASKFORCE | 2010

  8. Thank you!Obrigado!Terima kasih!www.gcftaskforce.org GOVERNORS’ CLIMATE AND FOREST TASKFORCE | 2010

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