Publishing Public Health Policy: Snapshot

1. Publishing Public Health Policy: Snapshot Neil Hann Leslie Beitsch Deborah Holtzman Ted Brown Ken McLeroy Mary E. Northridge

2. Neil Hann AJPH Editorial Board Chair Health Policy and Publishing

3. What is a Public Health Policy? • Laws, regulations and rules (formal and informal) that impact conditions (economic, social or physical environments) lead toward the adoption of behaviors conducive to health.

4. Policy Examples • Aging • Cancer • Diabetes • Nutrition • Oral Health • Physical Activity • Arthritis • CVD • School Health • Tobacco Control • Injury Prevention

5. Publishing Policy Initiatives • Challenge is to publish analytic studies on policy implementation that result in measurable outcomes. • Papers should be evidence-based rather than just “what to do.”

6. Leslie Beitsch Department Editor Government, Politics & Law The Role of Translation Research

7. 10 Great Public Health Achievements of the 20th Century • Immunizations • Motor vehicle safety • Food safety • And more

8. IOM REPORT • Core functions • Policy development

9. Practice Examples • Tobacco Control • Florida Health Start

10. Translation Research • Beta blockers • NEJM & JAMA • Limited public health use of evidence • Guide to Community Preventive Services • Ground level implementation of policy

11. Deborah Holtzman Department Editor Framing Health Matters Using the Analytic Essay for Policy Publications

12. Formats Commentary Editorial Research and Practice Articles & Briefs Analytic Essay Departments/Forums Health Policy and Ethics Government Politics and Law Framing Health Matters Public Health Then And Now Selected Journal Formats & Departments for Submitted Work

13. Special Departments Health Policy and Ethics Government Politics and Law Framing Health Matters

14. Instructions for Authors • The Analytic Essay is an article type that was designed specifically to meet the needs of 2 Journal departments: Government, Politics and Law and Health Policy and Ethics. Its purpose is to provide a forum for critical analyses of public health issues from disciplines other than the biomedical sciences, including but not limited to the social sciences, human rights, and ethics.

15. Analytic Essay • Unstructured abstract (word limit=120) • Text with subheadings to guide readers through the essential elements of the argument • Word limit = 3500 • Up to 4 accessible tables, figures, and images that are core to the analysis • Preference for AMA style guidelines, but Chicago style endnotes may be used

16. Framing Health Matters • Social science scholarship • New disciplines within public health • Critical perspectives of public health problems • Analytic essay format • Unstructured abstract • Up to 6500 words in main text - with under 4000 words strongly encouraged • Up to 4 tables/figures

17. Policy Examples • Aging • Cancer • Diabetes • Nutrition • Oral Health • Physical Activity • Arthritis • CVD • School Health • Tobacco Control • Injury Prevention

18. MacQueen KM, Buehler JW. Ethics, practice, and research in public health. Am J Public Health. 2004;94:928-931. Policy addressed: The federal regulation for the protection of human research participants (45 CFR part 46)

19. Friedman JW. The prophylactic extraction of third molars: A public health hazard. Am J Public Health. 2007;97:1554-1559. Policy addressed: Recommendation by the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons for the removal of wisdom teeth at an early age

20. Delnevo CD, Hrywna M. “A whole ‘nother smoke” or a cigarette in disguise: how RJ Reynolds reframed the image of little cigars. Am J Public Health. 2007;97:1368-1375. Policy addressed: The Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act; the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act; the Little Cigar Act of 1973; Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) and the Comprehensive Smoking Education Act; (1964 Surgeon General’s Report)

21. Vernick JS, Rutkow KM, Salmon DA. Availability of litigation as a public health tool for firearm injury prevention: comparison of guns, vaccines, and motor vehicles. Am J Public Health. 2007;97:1991-1997. Policy addressed: The Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act (PLCAA); the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986; the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966

22. Ziskin LZ, Harris DA. State health policy for terrorism preparedness, Am J Public Health. 2007;97:1583-1588. Policy addressed: Homeland Security Act of 2002; the Bioterrorism Act of 2002; Model State Emergency Health Powers Act (MSEHPA)

23. External Validity and Relevance to Policy Development Ken R. McLeroy Co-Editor Framing Health Matters

24. Internal vs. external validity

25. Other Types of Validity • Statistical conclusion validity or whether conclusions about statistical inferences of co-variation between variables are justified • Construct validity or whether or not operational variables adequately represent theoretical constructs • Extreme validity or whether causal relationships can be generalized to different measures, person, settings and times.

26. Inference Vs. Generalizability

27. Health Policy and History Theodore Brown Co-Editor History Departments

50. Health Policy and the Journal Mary E. Northridge Editor-in-Chief