1. Cause and Effect Cause and effect statements or sentences are declarative sentences that express a relationship. They show that something is caused or is a result of something else.

2. Cause and Effect Statements The child has a fever because she has the flu. • What part of this sentence tells us what happened? The child has a fever • What part of the sentence tells us why it happened? because she had the flu

3. Cause and Effect Statements • The part of the sentence that tells “WHY” in a story is the cause. It is what makes something happen. • The part of the sentence that tells “WHAT” happened is the effect. It is the result or happening. Let’s remember this when we look at the following examples:

4. Cause and Effect Statements • Because her shoes were too tight, her feet hurt. • What is the cause and what is the effect? • Cause: Because her shoes were too tight • Effect: her feet hurt

5. Cause and Effect Statements What are the cause and effect in the following example sentences: • The lava oozed down the sides of the volcano after the eruption. • It was hot outside, so Joe wore shorts. • Since Sarah has a computer at home, we worked at her house. • Josh didn’t have a pencil, therefore I loaned him one. • We lit the candles because the electricity went out. • If we shoot a fat rubber band and a skinny rubber band, then the fat rubber band would go further.

6. Cause and Effect Statements Cause in pink and effect in blue: • The lava oozed down the sides of the volcano after the eruption. • It was hot outside, so Joe wore shorts. • Since Sarah has a computer at home, we worked at her house. • Josh didn’t have a pencil, therefore I loaned him one. • We lit the candles because the electricity went out. • If we shoot a fat rubber band and a skinny rubber band, then the fat rubber band would go further.

7. Cause and Effect Statements • Have you noticed there are certain words that are used to give us clues about the cause? Because Since If

8. Cause and Effect Statements • Have you noticed there are certain words that are used to give us clues about the effect? So Therefore Then

9. Cause and Effect Statements What are the cause and effect in the following example sentences: • If you continue to add heat to a solid, then it will turn into a liquid. • If you continue to add heat to a solid, then it will melt. • Freezing will occur if you take heat away from a liquid. • Freezing will occur if the particle motion decreases in a liquid. • Freezing will occur if heat energy is removed from a liquid.

10. Cause and Effect Statements Cause in pink and effect in blue: • If you continue to add heat to a solid, then it will turn into a liquid. • If you continue to add heat to a solid, then it will melt. • Freezing will occur if you take heat away from a liquid. • Freezing will occur if the particle motion decreases in a liquid. • Freezing will occur if heat energy is removed from a liquid.

11. Cause and Effect Statements Now create new a cause effect statement from what you observed happening to the ice (water) in class today. Raise your hand when you have one!! Make sure to make it a complete sentence with cause and effect!