1. MLA Graduate Writing Center Jessica Erkfitz

2. Pages • Parts of the paper • Cover page (optional, ask your professor) • Body • Works Cited (Bibliography)

3. Cover page • Cover Page (Example to follow) • Title 1/3 down the page • Two double spaced lines • Your full name • Two double spaced lines • Professor’s name • Course name • Date

4. 1/3rd of the way down the page Title Your name Instructor Course Date

5. Body • Body • Heading (Example to follow) • Includes the following • Full name • Professor’s name • Class • Due date • Location • First page of body • Upper left-hand corner • Double spaced

6. Body • Title • Center aligned • Double spaced • Next line below heading • Same font size as text and heading • Header • ½ in. from top • Page number in right-hand corner • Last name precedes page number on every page

7. Body • Text Layout • 1 in. Margins • Double spaced • Indent beginning of each paragraph 1/2 in. • Do not leave extra spaces between paragraphs

8. 1 in. margin ½ in. margin Last name Page number Title 1 in. margin 1 in. margin Name Professor Class Date Everything Double Spaced 1 in. margin

9. In-text Citations • Citation types (Example to follow) • Quotes (4 or less lines) • Put quotation marks around the phrase • Use exact dictation without changing spelling or punctuation • Block quotes (more than 4 lines) • Indent entire quote 1in./one tab more than the normal text • Do not use quotation marks • Double space like rest of paper • Insert the period before parenthetical citation • Paraphrases • Use your own words, not those of the author • Good guideline – do not use more than two consecutive words from the source in your rephrasing • Cite them with a parenthetical reference.

10. Citations • Normal citation • Located after quote/paraphrase • Within parentheses • Author’s last name • Page number • Punctuation comes after parentheses *unless block quote • Author’s name within sentence • Does not need to be restated at end • Page number still given in parentheses • No author • Title in replace of the author • After first reference shortened version of title may be used • Must be underlined not in italics • Page number

11. Paraphrase Citation Author’s name Direct Quote Block Quote Citation without author

12. Works Cited • Works Cited (Example to follow) • Title: Works Cited (not Bibliography) • Top of new page • Center aligned • Sources • Alphabetical order by first word • Hanging indent (use the tab button once)

13. Works Cited • Individual layout (example of a book) • Author (last name, first name) • Period • Title (italicized) • Period • City of publication • Colon • Publishing company • Comma • Year of publication • Period • Medium (Print or Web) • Period

14. Works Cited d. Individual layout (example of a book by two or three authors) • Author (last name, first name) • Period • Comma • and • Second Author (first name, last name) • Title (italicized) • Period • City of publication • Colon • Publishing company • Comma • Year of publication • Period • Medium (Print or Web) • Period

15. Works Cited e. Individual layout (an edited book) • Author (last name, first name) • Period • Title (italicized) • Period • Original year of publication • Period • Ed. • Editor’s name (first name, last name) • Period • City of publication • Colon • Publishing company • Comma • Year of publication • Period • Medium (Print or Web) • Period

16. Works Cited f. Individual layout (a subsequent edition of a book) • Author (last name, first name) • Period • Title (italicized) • Period • (#, i.e. 1st, 2nd, 3rd) ed. • City of publication • Colon • Publishing company • Comma • Year of publication • Period • Medium (Print or Web) • Period

17. Works Cited g. Individual layout (a multi-volume work) • Author (last name, first name) • Period • Title (italicized) • Period • Vol. (#) • Period • City of publication • Colon • Publishing company • Comma • Year of publication • Period • Medium (Print or Web) • Period

18. Works Cited • h. Individual layout (the foreword, preface, or afterword of a book) • Author of foreword (last name, first name) • Period • Foreword • Period • Title (italicized) • Period • By • Period • Author of book (first name, last name) • Period • City of publication • Colon • Publishing company • Comma • Year of publication • Period • Page number(s) • Period • Medium (Print or Web) • Period

19. Works Cited i. Individual layout (a translation) • Author (last name, first name) • Period • Title (italicized) • Period • Trans • Period • Translator’s name (first name, last name) • Period • City of publication • Colon • Publishing company • Comma • Year of publication • Period • Medium (Print or Web) • Period

20. Works Cited j. Individual layout (the Bible) • Title (italicized) i.e. The New King James Version • Period • Ed. (edition, if applicable) • Period • City of publication • Colon • Publishing company • Comma • Year of publication • Period • Medium (Print or Web) • Period

21. Works Cited k. Individual layout (a short story, play, or poem in an anthology) i. Author (last name, first name) • Period • “Title of the short story.” (period inside quotes) • Title of the anthology (italicized) • Period • Ed. • Editor’s name (first name, last name) • Period • (#, i.e. 1st, 2nd, 3rd) ed • Period • City of publication • Colon • Publishing company • Comma • Year of publication • Period • Page range of short story • Period • Medium (Print or Web) • Period

22. Works Cited l. Individual layout (a signed article in a reference book) • Author (last name, first name) • Period • “Title of article.” (period inside quotes) • Title of reference book (italicized) • Period • (#, i.e. 1st, 2nd, 3rd) ed • Period • City of publication • Colon • Publishing company • Comma • Year of publication • Period • Medium (Print or Web) • Period

23. Works Cited m. Individual layout (an unsigned article in a reference book) • “Title of article.” (period inside quotes) • Title of reference book (italicized) • Period • (#, i.e. 1st, 2nd, 3rd or year) ed • Period • Medium (Print or Web) • Period • *Note: you may omit page numbers when the reference book lists entries alphabetically

24. Works Cited n. Individual layout (listing one definition among many from a dictionary) • “Title of article.” (period inside quotes) • Def • Period • # (definition number) • Period • Title of reference book (italicized) • Period • (#, i.e. 1st, 2nd, 3rd or year) ed • Period • Medium (Print or Web) • Period

25. Last Name Title Everything Double Spaced Page Number

26. Abbreviations • Abbreviations within sources • Geographic locations are abbreviated • Ohio - OH • Ontario - ON • Turkey - Turk. • Common Publishers' names • American Library Association – ALA • W.W. Norton & Sons, Publishers – Norton • University Press – UP (U of Illinois P, Notre Dame UP) *For a further listing of abbreviations (both in the text and works cited) see the MLA handbook.

27. Other Citations • 4. Articles in Periodicals • Author. “Title.” Journal volume: issue* (year): • pages. Print. • Horowitz, Evan. “George Eliot: The Conservative.” • Victorian Studies 69 (2006): 7-32. Print. • * Only include the issue number if the pagination starts over in each separate issue. Leave it out if pagination continues through a whole volume of a periodical.

28. Other Citations • 5. An article in a weekly magazine (signed/unsigned) • Signed article: • Author. “Title.” Magazine Date: pages. Print. • Corliss, Richard. “His Days.” Time 14 Aug. 2005: 56-62. Print. • Unsigned article: • “Title.” Magazine Date: pages. Print. • “His Days.” Time 14 Aug. 2005: 56-62. Print. • 6. An article in a monthly magazine Author. “Title.” Magazine Date: pages. Print. Thomas, Evan. “John Paul.” American History Aug. 2003: 22-25. Print.

29. Other Citations • An article in a newspaper (signed/unsigned) • Signed article: • Author. “Title.” Newspaper Date: section number. Print. • Krantz, Matt. “Stock Success.” Wall Street Journal 11 Aug. 2004: B1+. Print. • Unsigned article: • “Title.” Newspaper Date: section number. Print. • “A Steadfast Friend.” New York Times 6 Sept. 2003, late ed.: B8. Print.

30. Other Citations • An editorial in a newspaper • Author. “Title.” Editorial. Newspaper Date: section. Print. • Brooks, David. “Living in the Age.” Editorial. Dayton Daily News 1 Aug. 2004, final ed.: A12. Print.

31. Other Citations • 9. Parts of Books • Author of selection. “Title.” Book Title. Editor. • City: Press, year. Pages. Print. • Fisher, Judith L. “Image versus Text in the • Illustrated Novels of William Makepeace Thackeray.” Victorian Literature and the Victorian Visual Imagination. Ed. Carol T. Christ and John O. Jordan. Berkeley: U of California P, 1995. 60-87. Print.

32. Other Citations • 10. Web sources • An entire web site: • Editor (if given). Title of the site. Date of electronic publication. Web. Date of access. • Liberty University. 2007. Web. 2 May 2007. • b. A document within a web site • “Title of document.” Title of site. Title of site, Date of electronic publication. Web. Date of access. • “June 3, 1800: President Adams Moves.” History.com. History Channel, 2007. Web. 3 Aug. 2008.

33. Other Citations c. An online posting Author. Online posting. Title of site. Title of site, Date of electronic publication. Web. Date of access. Sethi, Beth. Online posting. Enviromom. Enviromom, 2 Aug. 2004. Web. 6 Sept. 2008. d. An article in a database: • Author. “Title.” Journal volume.issue (year): pages/paragraphs.Subscription service. Web. Date of access. • Schmoe, Joe. “Online Article.” Online Writing 3.2 (2004): 56 pars. JSTOR. Web. 2 May 2007.