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Emerging Issues in Migration Policies: Implications for Data Requirements

Emerging Issues in Migration Policies: Implications for Data Requirements. Bela Hovy, Chief Migration Section Population Division Department for Economic and Social Affairs United Nations, New York http://www.unmigration.org http://www.unpopulation.org. Presentation overview.

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Emerging Issues in Migration Policies: Implications for Data Requirements

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  1. Emerging Issues in Migration Policies: Implications for Data Requirements Bela Hovy, Chief Migration Section Population Division Department for Economic and Social Affairs United Nations, New York http://www.unmigration.org http://www.unpopulation.org

  2. Presentation overview • Policy framework • Emerging issues and implications for data collection • Examples • Conclusions

  3. Resolution on International Migration and DevelopmentCommission on Population and Development, April 2006 • Set up or strengthen institutions and mechanisms for data collection and analysis to provide timely, reliable and disaggregated migration data • Provide assistance to developing countries • Enhance cooperation between international organizations in collection and processing of data on migration and migrants

  4. High-level Dialogue on International Migration and DevelopmentUnited Nations General Assembly, 14-15 September 2006 • SG Report on International Migration and Development (90 pages) • Comprehensive overview • Forum on Migration and Development • Other preparatory activities • Outcome: • Migration policies based on sound evidence • Enhanced availability, quality and timeliness of migration data and information

  5. Resolution on international migration and development General Assembly, 2nd committee, 1 December 2006 • Development (MDGs) and human rights dimensions • Global Forum on Migration and Development, Belgium, 2007 • Global Migration Group (GMG) • 63rd session: options for HLD follow-up

  6. Before “emerging issues”:Three basic questions • How many international migrants? • How many international migrant women, children? • Where are the international migrants coming from?

  7. Transnational communities • From diaspora to transnational communities (TNCs) • Economic and political interests • Definition and measurement issues • Defining TNCs (stock) • Defining national population • Counting citizens or native born abroad

  8. Return and circular migration • Potential for development (China, India) • Definition and measurement issues • Definition of “return” (flow) • Definition of “circulation” (flow) • Measuring immigrating and emigrating citizens • Not just “short term” and “long term”

  9. Migration of the highly skilled • Increase in demand and flows • “Brain drain”, compensation • Definition and measurement issues • Tertiary education as proxy • Global levels and trends unavailable

  10. Irregular migration • Before arriving, upon entry, during stay • Concerns about protection, abuse, crime • Definition and measurement issues • Definition (irregular, undocumented, illegal) • Legal status: administrative data • No official data • Combining different data sources

  11. Remittances • Most tangible contribution of international migration to development • Definition and measurement issues • New definition (IMF, WB, UNSD) • Formal and informal flows • Country of origin and destination (“remittance corridors”)

  12. Example 1. Migrant stock • Trends in total migrant stock: The 2005 revision (UNPD, 2006) • Place of birth, citizenship, refugees • Sex • Coverage (DYB) • Age (migrant children, older migrants) • Limited coverage • Foreign citizens by age and sex not available (DYB) • Country of birth or citizenship • Not available (attempts)

  13. Example 2. Migration flows • International migration flows: The 2005 Revision (UNPD, 2006) • 15 countries, since 1960s • Immigration, emigration, net migration • Different criteria to define international migrants: • Place of residence • Place of birth • Citizenship • UNSD: not yet published

  14. Conclusions (1) – Data requirements • Increased pressure to deliver • Basic level • trends and characteristics (sex, age, country of birth/citizenship) • Complexity => distinctions • Type of migrant (legal status, reason, duration of stay, education/skills, vulnerable groups) • Integration • Impact

  15. Conclusions (2) –Sources • Improve tabulation and dissemination (don’t wait for harmonization!) • 2010 round of population censuses • “Quantum leap or abject failure?” • Publish and use administrative data • Increased use of surveys • Combining data sources

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