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TERRITORY

TERRITORY. States cannot exist without territory Territorial Morphology – geographers study the size, shape and relative location of states? How does the size and shape of a state give advantages or disadvantages? 5 types of territorial morphologies.

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TERRITORY

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  1. TERRITORY • States cannot exist without territory • Territorial Morphology – geographers study the size, shape and relative location of states? • How does the size and shape of a state give advantages or disadvantages? • 5 types of territorial morphologies

  2. Most modern-day boundaries were drawn by whom?

  3. COMPACTWhat are the advantages & disadvantages?

  4. FRAGMENTEDWhat are the advantages & disadvantages?

  5. ELONGATEDWhat are the advantages & disadvantages?

  6. PRORUPT or PROTRUDEDWhat are the advantages & disadvantages?

  7. PERFORATEDWhat are the advantages & disadvantages?

  8. What territorial morphology is ITALY?

  9. EXCLAVES & ENCLAVES • Exclave – bounded (non-island) piece of territory that is part of a state but lies separated from it by territory of another state. • Enclave – piece of territory that is surrounded by another political unit of which it is not a part (landlocked within the country which surrounds them.

  10. EXCLAVE

  11. ENCLAVE

  12. ‘Google’ Azerbaijan and Armenia maps and look what you get…

  13. Talk about a strangely shaped states...

  14. Shape is not a constant for political/economic stability or instability

  15. Resource rich…but with many problems

  16. Very few natural resources…but wealthy and stable

  17. LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES • Isolation • At the mercy of neighbors • Need communication linkages (highways, airports, rivers, etc.) • Have formed alliances with other countries to lessen isolation • Only LIECHTENSTEIN & UZBEKISTANare both landlocked and surrounded by landlocked countries.

  18. BOUNDARIES • Obviously mark the land surface (Refer to pp. 242-244 in your text). • But, they also extend into airspace and the ground • What about natural resources? • What about air traffic? • What about sea traffic?

  19. SETTING BOUNDARIESStage One • DEFINITION– exact location established through legal agreement, treaty, etc. Can describe terrain feature or be measured by longitude and latitude.

  20. SETTING BOUNDARIESStage Two • DELIMITATION – putting the boundary on a map officially.

  21. SETTING BOUNDARIESStage Three • DEMARCATION – The final stage. Marking a boundary with fences, walls, posts, pillars, or other markers. Most of the world’s boundaries are not demarcated.

  22. Four Types of Boundary Disputes • Definitional – center on legal issues • Locational – definitions not disputed – the interpretation is • Operational – parties differ on how boundary should function (how migration should occur) • Allocational – conflict over “stuff” – oil, gas, seafloor riches, water

  23. Former Yugoslavia - p. 212http://www.montenet.org/home/yugoslav.jpg

  24. FEDERAL STATES • A political-territorial system in which a central government represents the various entities (states, provinces, cantons) within a • country (most often a nation-state) where they have common interests • (defense, foreign affairs...) • but allows the various • entities to retain their own • identities and to have their • own laws, policies & customs • within designated spheres.

  25. UNITARY STATES • Nation-states having a strong centralized government and administration that exercises power equally over all parts of the state.

  26. Unitary States of the World in blue – Federal States in grayhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Unitary_states.png

  27. ADDENDUM: ITEMS OF INTEREST? Where do they fit?

  28. European Microstates Map

  29. KURDISTAN – A Stateless Nation of People (in the mountains of Turkey, Iraq &Iran) KURDS

  30. SEALAND – a country? principality?

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