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Musical Instruments

Musical Instruments. Instrument. Any mechanism -other than the voice that produces musical sounds WESTERN INSTRUMENTS String Woodwind Brass Percussion Keyboard Electronic. Register. The total range in which an instrument is played. String Instruments.

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Musical Instruments

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  1. Musical Instruments

  2. Instrument • Any mechanism-other than the voice that produces musical sounds • WESTERN INSTRUMENTS • String • Woodwind • Brass • Percussion • Keyboard • Electronic

  3. Register • The total range in which an instrument is played

  4. String Instruments • The violin, viola, cello, harp, and double bass (bass) make up an orchestra’s string section. • Violin- smallest and highest range • Double bass- biggest and lowest range • These instruments can be played with a bow or plucked with the finger. • Bow- slightly curved stick strung tightly with horsehair

  5. Violin Often used as a solo instrument

  6. Viola About 2 inches longer than the violin, thus the range is somewhat lower

  7. Cello Member of the violin family but set an octave lower. Also has an endpin to help with the weight of the instrument.

  8. HARP An ancient plucked-string instrument with a triangular shape

  9. Double Bass Very heavy tone and less agile than other string instruments. (Car)

  10. Woodwind Instruments • Traditionally made from wood but now usually made from metal or some other materials. • Sound is generated by a vibrating air column in a tube • All of these instruments have holes that are opened and closed by fingers or pads.

  11. Woodwind cont’d… • Flute and piccolo are played from blowing across the edge of the mouth hole • Rest of the woodwind instruments have a reed- thin piece of cane that is on the mouthpiece that vibrates by the air. • Single Reed- clarinet, saxophone • Double Reed- oboe, English Horn, bassoon

  12. Woodwind Families • Flute Family • Piccolo • Flute • Clarinet Family • Clarinet • Bass Clarinet • Oboe Family • Oboe • English Horn • Bassoon Family • Bassoon • Contrabassoon

  13. Piccolo Half the size of the flute and plays an octave higher

  14. Flute High range and extremely agile

  15. Oboe

  16. English Horn

  17. Clarinet

  18. Bass Clarinet

  19. Bassoon

  20. Contrabassoon

  21. Saxophone

  22. Brass Instruments • Powerful instruments often used at climaxes and for heroic statements • Family includes the trumpet, French Horn, trombone, and tuba. • Played by blowing into a cup or funnel shaped mouthpiece • Brass players can alter the tone by placing a mute into the bell of the horn (most common in Jazz)

  23. Trumpet

  24. French Horn

  25. Trombone

  26. Tuba

  27. Percussion • Instruments that are struck by hand, with sticks, or with hammers • Used to emphasize rhythm and to heighten climaxes

  28. Timpani (Kettledrums)- generally plays 2 to 4 each tuned to a different pitch

  29. Metal Bars or Glockenspiel- played with 2 hammers

  30. Xylophone

  31. Celesta

  32. Chimes

  33. Snare Drum

  34. Bass Drum

  35. Tambourine- shake or strike with knuckles

  36. Triangle

  37. Cymbals

  38. Gong

  39. Keyboard Instruments • The piano, harpsichord, organ, and accordion are the best known • Piano has 88 keys that span more than 7 octaves • Harpsichord- replaced by the piano • Pipe Organ- many sets of pipes controlled from several keyboards and pedals • Accordion- free steel reeds controlled by a treble keyboard

  40. Pipe Organ

  41. HARPSICORD

  42. Accordion

  43. Electronic Instruments • Produce or amplify sound through electronic means • Invented in 1904, but has had a serious impact from 1950 to the present • Ex. electric piano, organ, guitar, tape studios, synthesizers, computers, and other technologies

  44. Synthesizer System of electronic components that generate, modify, and control sound

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