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Presidential Politics 1789 -1841

Presidential Politics 1789 -1841. Whiskey Rebellion- frontier farmers refused to pay tax on manufacture and sale of whiskey 1 st time federal troops used to stop dissent in the U.S. George Washington.

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Presidential Politics 1789 -1841

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  1. Presidential Politics 1789-1841

  2. Whiskey Rebellion- frontier farmers refused to pay tax on manufacture and sale of whiskey • 1st time federal troops used to stop dissent in the U.S. George Washington

  3. Alien and Sedition Acts- measures passed by Congress which raised residency requirements for citizenship and allowed deportation or jail of undesirables XYZ Affair- French officials demanded bribe of $250,000 from U.S. in order to meet with French foreign minister John Adam

  4. John Adams vs. Thomas Jefferson • Adam lost by 8 votes • Jefferson and Aaron Burr (running mates) tied • Constitution says: House of Reps breaks tie • Blank votes cast by Adams supporters • Jefferson won by two votes • Importance • Showed flaw in Constitution • 12th Amendment- electors cast separate ballots for President and Vice President Election of 1800

  5. 1st Peaceful transfer of power from one political party to another • Philosophy • People should control Government • Small and simple best for people • Smaller Military and Government • Cut government Costs • Eliminated Taxes Jeffersonian Republicanism

  6. Marbury v. Madison- Court case that created the idea of a strong judicial branch with the power of judicial review • Louisiana Purchase • Doubled size of U.S. • Cost $15,000,000 or $.03 per acre • Sent Louis and Clark to explore Thomas Jefferson

  7. War of 1812 • Reasons for War • France and Britain blockades • U.S. sailors being draft into British Navy by force • Canadians giving Native Americans guns • Consequences • End of Federalist Party- opposed to war • Growth of American Industrialization • Proved U.S. was free and Independent nation James Madison

  8. Nationalism- Belief that national interest should be placed ahead of regional interests • 1818 Northern Boundary • 49th Parallel • Joint occupation of Oregon with Britain • 1819 Western Boundary • Sabine River North to Arkansas River • North to Pacific Ocean • Monroe Doctrine- Warned all European powers to stay out of Western Hemisphere • U.S. would consider any power in West as a threat to peace and safety of U.S. • Promised U.S. would stay out of European affairs James MOnroe

  9. Regional differences led to controversy over slavery in new western lands • Missouri Compromise- deal made to keep equal balance of power between slave and free states • Missouri Slave State • Maine Free State • Louisiana Purchase divided at 36 30 N Lat. • South Slavery Legal • North Slavery Banned James MOnroe

  10. Corrupt Bargain • Eased property ownership requirement to vote • Enlarged voting population • Erie Canal finished- 363 mile canal system linking Hudson River to Lake Erie John Quincy Adams George Harvey: Pittsford on the Erie Canal, 1837 ... courtesy: Memorial Art Gallery of the University of Rochester

  11. Jacksonian Democracy • Political Power for all classes • Common people should participate • Jackson gave political jobs to friends and allies • Spoils System- new administrations hire their own supporters to replace supporters of previous administration Andrew Jackson

  12. Indian Removal Act- Federal funds to negotiate treaties with Native Americans to move west • Ruled unconstitutional • Nullification- idea that states had the right to consider void any act of Congress they deemed to be unconstitutional • The Bank War- re-charter national bank • Jackson killed power of Federal bank by withdrawing all federal money • Deposited in democratic friendly banks Andrew Jackson

  13. Banking Issues • Printing money without gold or silver to back it • Doomed banks to failure when withdrawals occurred • Panic of 1837 • Banks wouldn’t accept paper money • Businesses bankrupt • 1/3 people lost jobs Martin Van Buren

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