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Critical Infrastructure and Continuity of Operations in a Post-9/11 World

This presentation by Dr. Pamela Collins explores the evolution of critical infrastructures and operations continuity in the wake of 9/11. It covers the definition of critical infrastructures, the interdependencies between sectors, and how such systems impact national security, economic stability, and public health. Key focus areas include agriculture, energy, public health, emergency services, and transportation, detailing the vulnerabilities and challenges each sector faces today. Through this analysis, the presentation underscores the importance of robust operational frameworks to safeguard these vital systems.

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Critical Infrastructure and Continuity of Operations in a Post-9/11 World

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  1. CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE & CONTINUITY OF OPERATIONS IN A POST 9/11 WORLD Presented by: Dr. Pamela Collins, EKU/JSC

  2. Critical Infrastructure & Continuity of Operations in a Post 9/11 World • Outline of Presentation • Overview of Critical Infrastructures • U.S. Critical Infrastructures • Global Critical Infrastructures • Critical Infrastructures Interdependences • Continuity of Operations

  3. Overview of Critical Infrastructures • Defining Critical Infrastructures • Pre 9/11: Those systems whose prolonged disruptions could cause significant military and economic dislocation.

  4. Defining Critical Infrastructures • Post 9/11: Systems and assets, Whether physical or virtual, so vital that the incapacity or destruction of such systems and assets would have a debilitating impact insecurity, national economic security, national public health and safety, or any combination of those matters.

  5. CI Post 9/11 • Definition notes for CI in a Post 9/11 environment

  6. 1. Agriculture and food 2. Energy 3. Public Health 4. Emergency Services 5. Government 6. Defense Industrial Base 7. Information & Telecommunications (Cyber) 8. Water Supply Systems 9. Transportation 10. Banking and Finance 11. Chemicals and Hazardous Materials 12. Postal 13. Ports and Shipping Critical Infrastructure Sectors

  7. Agricultural and Food • Supply chains for feed, animals, and animal products • Crop production and supply chains of seed, fertilizer, • Post-harvesting-production, packaging, storage, etc.

  8. Water Supply System • Fours areas of Concentration: • 1. Physical damage or destruction • 2. Actual or threatened contamination • 3. Cyber Attack • 4. Interruption of services

  9. U.S. Water Infrastructure • 75,000 dams and reservoirs, thousands of miles of pipes and aqueducts • 168,000 public drinking water facilities • 16,000 publicly owned waist water treatment facilities.

  10. Public Health • Public Health Sector Challenges: • Open and free access to most public health facilities • Variation in structural and system designs from one hospital to the next • Lack of protocols governing isolation of infections individuals during a crisis • Stockpiles and critical emergency resources • Legal and regulatory issues • Delivering of critical services during a crisis • Specialized medical and pharmaceutical laboratories

  11. CI Public Health • Public Health Notes

  12. CI Public Health • Notes page 3 of CI Public Health

  13. Emergency Services • Inadequate information sharing between different organizations • Telecommunications problems • Enhancing force protections

  14. CI Emergency Services • 2nd page of CI Emergency Services

  15. Government • Physical Protection of critical infrastructures • Key Assets • Continuity of Operations Plan • Continuity of Government

  16. Government • 1st notes slide

  17. Defense and Industrial Base • DOD’s dependency on the private sector • Outsourcing • Utilities • Single or limited # of suppliers • Military Product Specifications • Procurement Process • Enhanced Infrastructure Protection Measures

  18. CI Defense & Industrial Base • 2nd slide for CI Defense and Industrial Base notes

  19. CI Defense and Industrial Base • 2n page of notes

  20. CI Defense and Industrial Base • 3rd page of notes

  21. Information and Telecommunications • Public Switched Telecommunications Network (PSTN) • Next Generation Network (NGN) • Sector Challenges • Sector Priorities

  22. Information & Telecommunications • 2nd slide notes

  23. Information & Telecommunications • 3rd slide notes

  24. Energy • Electricity • Generation • Transmission and Distribution • Control and Communications • NERC, FERC, NRC • Sector Challenges

  25. Energy CI • 2nd slide notes

  26. Electrical Infrastructure • Electrical Power System • 92,000 electric generating units (including fossil fueled, nuclear, and hydroelectric units) • 300,000 miles of transmission lines • 150 control centers that regulate the flow of electricity.

  27. Energy • Oil and Natural Gas • Five general Components • Oil Production • Crude Oil Transport • Refining • Product transport and distribution • Control and other external support systems.

  28. Energy Security • 4th slide notes

  29. Energy Security • 5th slide notes

  30. Key Oil Production Capacity • FOUR KEY OIL FIELDS THAT PRODUCE OVER ONE MILLION BARRELS PER DAY • Saudi Arabia (Ghawar)– 4.5 million barrels • Mexico (Cantarell) – 2 million barrels • Kuwait (Burgan) – 1 million barrels • China (Da Qing) – 1 million barrels

  31. Asian Critical Infrastructure Oil Pipeline: Kazakhstan To China (Sino-Kazakh) • 980 KM of pipeline • 246 KM crude oil pipeline to Dushani Refinery • 10 Billion Tons of Capacity

  32. Middle Eastern Pipeline • Saudi Arabia- Roughly 25% of the earth’s total crude oil resources

  33. Russian Oil Largest Non OPEC Energy Producer

  34. Transportation • Aviation • Maritime Traffic • Rail • Pipelines • Highways • Trucking and Busing • Public Mass Transit

  35. Transportation • 1st notes slide

  36. Maritime Traffic • notes

  37. Transportation Infrastructure • Transportation Civil System- • Aviation system • 500 Commercial-service airports • 14,000 smaller general aviation airports • Commuter and urban rail system • 10,000 miles

  38. Rail system • notes

  39. Pipeline • notes

  40. National Highway System Infrastructure U.S. Highway system • 600,000 bridges • 4 million interconnected Miles of paved roadways • 45,000 miles of interstate freeway

  41. Mass Transist • notes

  42. Banking and Finance • Highly regulated and competitive • Interdependencies • FBIIC • National Infrastructure Protection Center • Challenges

  43. Banking and Finance • 1st notes slide

  44. Chemicals and Hazardous Materials • Key provider for public health • Nations Top Exporter • Highly Diverse • Assurance of Supply • Chemical Stockpiles • Interdependence with Energy

  45. Postal and Shipping • Volume of mail • Size of the USPS • Interdependencies • Areas of Concern

  46. Postal and Shipping • 1st notes slide

  47. Postal and Shipping • 2nd notes slide

  48. Key Assets • National Monuments and Icons • Nuclear Power Plants • Dams • Government Facilities • Commercial Key Assets

  49. Private Sector Responsibility for Protecting Critical Infrastructure • Planning Assurance • Increased threshold investments • Undertaken enhancements in security • Risk versus consequence tradeoffs

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