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Understanding Characterization: Direct vs. Indirect Methods in Literature

Characterization is the technique authors use to reveal a character's personality. It can be achieved through two primary methods: direct and indirect characterization. Direct characterization occurs when the narrator explicitly describes a character's traits, guiding the reader's perception. In contrast, indirect characterization reveals personality through a character's dialogue, thoughts, actions, appearance, and the opinions of others. This approach invites readers to interpret and draw their own conclusions, enriching their understanding of the character and enhancing the overall narrative.

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Understanding Characterization: Direct vs. Indirect Methods in Literature

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  1. Character Development Characterization

  2. Characterization • The way in which an author develops (reveals) a character’s personality • Two primary methods: • Direct • Indirect

  3. Direct Characterization • When the narrator makes direct remarks about a character’s personality • Third-person narrator (either omniscient or third-person limited) • When the narrator tells us what we should think about a character • When the narrator judges a character • “Joe was the worst kind of bully.” • “Joe was the kindest of angels.”

  4. Indirect Characterization • When a narrator reveals a character’s personality by showing (rather than telling) • What the character says, • What the character thinks, • What the character does, • How the character appears/dresses, • What other characters say about him or her. • The narrator gives the clues; the readers have to draw their own conclusions based on what they observe in the reading.

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