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Panel Discussion:

Panel Discussion:. Engines of Innovation: New Technologies & Practices . Panelists:. Doug Rose, Ph.D., Vice President of Technology Strategy, SunPower Corporation Rolf Gibbels , Global Power Generation Solution Leader, Energy & Utilities Industry, IBM

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Panel Discussion:

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  1. Panel Discussion: Engines of Innovation: New Technologies & Practices Panelists: • Doug Rose, Ph.D., Vice President of Technology Strategy, SunPower Corporation • Rolf Gibbels, Global Power Generation Solution Leader, Energy & Utilities Industry, IBM • Patty Senecal, Manager, Southern California Region & Infrastructure Issues, WSPA • Jeff Reed, Director of Business Strategy and Development, Southern California Gas Company Moderator: • Rebecca Boudreaux, Ph.D., President, Oberon Fuels

  2. SunPower CorporationSolar Technology and Energy Services Provider RESIDENTIAL COMMERCIAL POWER PLANTS • 2012 revenue $2.4 billion • > 5,000 employees worldwide • Strategic investment by Total SA, #11 global F500, provides financial strength and market access • Dual, global platforms: distributed generation and power plants • >1,800 dealer partners worldwide • Unique, superior PV panel technology with record breaking efficiency1for lower LCOE and lower risk • Systems solutions include tracker and grid services technologies • >200 patents worldwide • 1 SunPower holds the world-record large Silicon panel efficiency (21.4%). Green, M. A., et al., “Solar Cell Efficiency Tables (version 39),” Progress in Photovoltaics, 2013, vol. 21, p1-11.

  3. Crystalline silicon PV and balance of system technologies have been, and will continue to be, the most important technology drivers of growth • c-Si market share now ~90% (up from 80% 6 years ago) • PV module prices have dropped by more than 80% in last 6 years • 35 GW of PV to be installed in 2013 (>1000% increase vs. 6 years ago) • PV LCOE is below conventional sources in some locations • Some SunPower examples of continuing innovation: • Power plant grid services (e.g., AVR, PF Control, Dynamic VAR control) • Industry-leading reliability science and performance validation • See, for example, “Validation of the PVLife model against 3 million module-years of live-site data”, E. Hasselbrink, et. al, Presented at the 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, June 16-20, 2013, Tampa, Florida. • Continued cost reduction and performance improvement • SunPower® X-Series Solar Panels: > 21% efficiency all-black modules SunPower® C7 tracker (Low concentration PV system)

  4. Smarter EnergyImprove Generation PerformanceThe growing importance of information management, analytics and big data E&U Global Power Generation Industry Solutions Leader Rolf Gibbels rgibbels@us.ibm.com

  5. Smarter Energy Research Institute (SERI) SERI Website: http://www.research.ibm.com/client-programs/seri/index.shtml SERI Video: http://bit.ly/RhfT02 SERI Press Release: http://ibm.co/RcUjJW

  6. SERI Projects Outage Planning Optimization Asset Management Optimization Integration of Renewables & DER Reduce need for power reserves, minimize demand-supply mismatch through advanced forecasting. $14B annual lost value due to storms. Improve outage restoration Predict failures before they happen. Apply analytics and big data. Wide-Area Situational Awareness The Participatory Network Identify grid anomalies and alert operators before massive black outs Understand customer behaviors on operations through data-driven analytics

  7. Sophisticated forecasting and analytics matures renewables energy market HyREF – Hybrid Renewable Energy Forecasting

  8. A Cleaner Alternative to Diesel Rebecca Boudreaux, Ph.D.President

  9. Clean-burning Fuel Dimethyl ether (DME) • NO carbon-carbon = NO soot/particulate matter • No sulfur, low NOx • Not tied to the price of crude oil • Multiple feed stocks (biogas, natural gas) • Handles like propane

  10. Cost-effectively converts methane and CO2 to DME

  11. Skid-mounted Fuel Production April 15, 2013 Chicago, IL May 17, 2013 Brawley, CA 12

  12. WESTERN STATES PETROLEUM ASSOCIATION Patty Senecal

  13. WESTERN STATES PETROLEUM ASSOCIATION The Demand - Scale • 96 percent of California’s transportation fuels are petroleum based • CA utilizes 43 million gallons of gasoline and 14 million gallons of diesel fuel every day • CA produced more than 2 million gallons of gasoline and diesel fuel every hour, 365 days a year • CA is the third largest fuel consuming entity on earth, behind the US as a whole and all of China • Global energy demand will grow 35%, as the world’s population expands from about 7 billion people to nearly 9 billion by 2040, led by growth in Africa & India (Exxon Mobil 2013 Outlook for Energy: A View to 2040). 14

  14. WESTERN STATES PETROLEUM ASSOCIATION Petroleum and natural gas are fuels of the future 15 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration

  15. Oil Industry Expenditures on Innovations 16

  16. US Oil and Natural Gas industry is developing next – generation forms of energy and cleaner fuels & products. • Between 2000-2010 industry invested more than $71 billion in new low and zero emissions technologies. Or 38% of the 188 billion spent by US Government & other industries was from oil and gas industry. • Efficiency will continue to play a key role in solving our energy challenge. US Oil and Natural Gas companies are pioneers in ‘energy efficiency’ of producing and refining petroleum and gas. • CCS - US oil and gas are at the forefront of developing “carbon capture and storage technology or CCS to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emission by storing them underground.

  17. Carbon Capture and Storage U.S. Department of Energy “Capturing carbon emissions and storing them underground is a crucial technology as we build a clean energy future and address the threat of climate change…these investments will create jobs and help ensure that America can lead the world in the clean energy economy.” Mary Nichols, Chair California Air Resources Board “I think it’s important to reiterate the fact that we (CARB) think California is an ideal place for doing sequestration because of the geological formations and oil industry that’s here.” George Peridas, Scientist, Climate Center Natural Resources Defense Council “In California, CCS can materially help the state meet its long term emission reduction goals.” Environmental Defense Fund “One technology in particular has the potential to make a huge contribution in reducing CO2: carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), also sometimes referred to as carbon storage.”

  18. Energy Production in CA – Technology and Innovation Oil discovered in Kern County in 1899 – produced from hand-dug wells Howard Hughes introduces rotary drill in 1932 Lake View gusher, Kern County 1910 3D seismic imaging Steam injection for enhanced oil recovery introduced in 1961 Cogeneration produces stream for EOR, electricity for homes and businesses 19

  19. WESTERN STATES PETROLEUM ASSOCIATION Petroleum’s economic contribution to California CA 13 refineries produce 2 million gallons of gasoline and diesel fuel every hour of every day, 365 a year. • 332,968 jobs (direct and indirect) • $17 billion in labor income • $22 billion in supplemental and proprietor income • $9.2 billion in taxes and fees to federal, state and local governments (excludes property tax revenues) Source: Purvin & Gertz, Assessment of Petroleum Industry Economic Impact to the State of California, June 2011, based on 2009 data 20

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