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Integumentary System

Integumentary System. Often skin disorders are infections of sebacceous glands. Acne . Disorder of sebaceous glands Sebum plugs pores and area fills with leukocytes Also, blackheads, cysts, pimples and scarring . Albinism. absence of melanin . Athlete’s foot .

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Integumentary System

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  1. Integumentary System Often skin disorders are infections of sebacceous glands.

  2. Acne • Disorder of sebaceous glands • Sebum plugs pores and area fills with leukocytes • Also, blackheads, cysts, pimples and scarring

  3. Albinism • absence of melanin

  4. Athlete’s foot • Contagious fungal infection • Usually contracted in public baths and showers • Rx – antifungal agents

  5. Boils (carbuncles) • Painful, bacterial infection of hair follicle or sebaceous glands • Rx – antibiotics, excision and drainage of affected area

  6. Burns • First degree • Superficial, skin red and dry • Involves only epidermis • Rx – cold water • Heals in one week

  7. Burns • Second degree • Epidermis and dermis • Pain, swelling, redness and blistering • Subject to infection • Rx – pain medication, dry sterile dressing • Healing within two weeks

  8. Burns • Third degree • Epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers (full thickness) • Loss of skin, blackened skin • May be life threatening • Rx – prevention of infection, fluid replacement, skin grafting

  9. Burns • Rule of nines – method of measuring percent of body burned

  10. Dermatitis • Non-specific skin inflammation • Rash – reaction to soap, plants, etc. • Skin blotches – caused by stress

  11. Eczema • Acute or chronic inflammatory skin disease • Skin dry, red, itchy and scaly • Rx – remove cause, hydrocortisone to help alleviate symptoms

  12. Herpes • Genital herpes • Viral blister in genital area • Spread through sexual contact • Periods of remission and exacerbation • Rx – Acyclovir • Can be passed to newborn during genital delivery

  13. Herpes • Viral • Fever blister or cold sore • Shingles (herpes zoster) • Viral infections of nerve endings • On chest or abdomen, accompanied by severe pain

  14. Skin cancer • Associated with exposure to sun (UV rays) • Most common type of cancer in people • Basal cell carcinoma • Most common, least malignant • Usually on face • Rx – surgical removal or radiation

  15. Skin cancer • Squamous cell carcinoma • Mostly scalp and lower lip • Grows rapidly, metastasizes to lymph nodes • Rx – surgical removal or radiation • Prognosis good with early diagnosis

  16. Skin cancer • Melanoma • Malignant • Occurs in melanocytes • Metastasizes to other areas quickly • Brown or black irregular patch that occurs suddenly • Change in existing wart or mole may indicate melanoma • Rx – surgical removal of melanoma and surrounding area and • Chemotherapy

  17. Urticaria (hives) • Itchy wheals or welts • Usually allergic reaction to drugs, food, etc. • Rx – avoid allergen

  18. Warts (verrucae) • Caused by virus • Some disappear spontaneously, others removed with liquid nitrogen, chemicals or laser

  19. Hair Disorders

  20. Alopecia • baldness

  21. Hirsutism • Excessive male patterned hair growth in females • Affects 8% of women

  22. Hypertrichosis • Extra genes on the X chromosome which may be responsible for the abnormal hair growth. http://www.unexplained-mysteries.com/viewnews.php?id=207492

  23. Review • Observe brochures. Write down three things about every disorder. • Review Stations • SKIN

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