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Pre-Historic

Pre-Historic Paleolithic Mesolithic Neolithic Artist as Magician Paleolithic- Old Stone Age Mesolithic-Middle Stone Age Earliest form of craft seen Connecting form and function Shaped rock to meet needs as tools Earliest form of ART- 35,000 years ago During the time of the last Ice Age

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Pre-Historic

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  1. Pre-Historic Paleolithic Mesolithic Neolithic Artist as Magician

  2. Paleolithic- Old Stone Age • Mesolithic-Middle Stone Age • Earliest form of craft seen • Connecting form and function • Shaped rock to meet needs as tools • Earliest form of ART- 35,000 years ago • During the time of the last Ice Age • Objects found mostly in Africa, Spain and southern France • People were nomadic and lived in caves or over hanging rocks • Artwork was completed for ritualistic purposes • Artists because they first asked the questions: • What shall be my subject? • How shall I represent it?

  3. Altamira- -Images are incised or painted onto rock-often use natural projections of the rock to fit the drawing -bison is lifelike due to shading and roundness -animals only- no landscape backgrounds -painted from ocre and ash from the surroundings- used as much as 3 colors Altamira, Wounded Bison • All pre-historic art is presented in strict profile- why?

  4. Lascaux, France • Pictures are drawn far inside the caves, away from entrances, sites used for centuries • Pictures are superimposed- no separation between image and reality • Once the animal has been killed, the spirit has been killed and a new animal is drawn on top • Purpose of the drawings were to lure animals for the hunt-they were scarce

  5. -wanted fertility both for animals and for themselves (this MAY be an example) • -small figures carved from naturally shaped rocks • -central point in the design, the navel is a natural crevice in the rock • Only 4 inches tall • Name is misleading Venus of Willendorf, Austria

  6. Neolithic- New Stone Age • 8000 BC- Near East • Ice age receded around 9000BC • Began with the onset of farming- domestication of animals and food grains • Still used stone tools • Created permanent settlements- new crafts- pottery, weaving, spinning, architecture

  7. Jericho- first evidence of monumental architecture- why? -Actual human skull- face has been recreated and tinted, decorated with seashells -strong individuality- but not really portraits of specific people -meant to perpetuate life beyond death -displayed above ground, rest of body was buried- first recognition of belief of life beyond death -believed in a spirit, located in the head that remained after death- these heads were meant to trap spirits in their graves (MAYBE!!) Sculptured Head, Jericho, 7000 BC

  8. Jericho Heads7000-6000 BC

  9. Human figure, from Ain Ghazal, Jordan, c. 6750-6250 BC • Plaster, painted and inlaid with shell and bitumen, 3’6’’ (Louvre) • Houses built of irregularly shaped stones, plastered and painted • Ritually buried • Function unknown • Beginning of monumental sculpture in the ancient Near East

  10. Catal Huyak, Turkey 7000-5000 BC -Lived in houses of mud and brick centered around courtyards -no streets or doors- people entered through the roof -large number of shrines -plaster walls with paintings- 1st known artwork on man-made surface, no more actual hunts- everything is ritual- in honor of male and female deities

  11. Landscape drawing of Catal Huyuk -1st evidence of goddess worship- mountains always shown in profile-MAYBE -definitely 1st painting depicting a landscape devoid of animals and people -houses shown from above- both a map and a landscape

  12. Neolithic Female Figures

  13. Stone Henge, 3000 BC Neolithic Europe not as advanced- Megaliths- large stone structures solely for religious purposes Megalithic- culture that produces megaliths Made up of Dolmens- tombs with upright stones, slab roof (lintel) Cromlechs-other stones that form a setting Outer circle and 2 inner circles with a center altar Oriented towards the point at which the sun rises on the Summer Solstice

  14. Totems of animals from a specific tribe- echos the natural formation of the land. Mound Builders, North America

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