restoration in the lower columbia river

1: September 13, 2007 Debrah Marriott, Executive Director Evan Haas, Habitat Restoration Coordinator  Restoration in the Lower Columbia River and Estuary

Slide 2:These findings framed the Estuary Partnership Management Plan and actions These findings framed the Estuary Partnership Management Plan and actions

3: Lower River & EstuaryManagement Plan  Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan Developed 1996-1999 Community Based: Management Committee; Policy Committee; Work Groups; constituent meetings; public meetings; surveys, etc. � reviewed science, identified problems, developed actions to address Characterized the lower river and estuary: State of the Health of the River ($6 Million research and studies, 1989-1995) Ecosystem approach: water quality, habitat, land use, fish and wildlife � First regional comprehensive plan Actions: 43 specific actions agreed to by large collaboration that will address the problems Framework for implementing actions Accountable to US Environmental Protection Agency; Congress and to the Citizens Accomplishments to date Restored 4,204 acres of habitat with 85 partners at 30 sites, 1,244 acres acquired for future restoration and 550 acres of historic floodplain reconnected to tidal fluctuation. Completed Estuary Recovery Plan Module and Completed subbasin plans Completed monthly toxic and conventional pollutant water quality monitoring. Developed stormwater programs for two communities; developed website to showcase local examples; developed stormwater retrofits with three schools. 14,405 citizen volunteers worked at Estuary Partnership volunteer projects throughout the study area since 2001. 5,218 sampled dissolved oxygen, turbidity, water temperature, and pH at sites from Bonneville Dam to the Pacific Ocean in our six annual volunteer water quality monitoring events. 8,078 citizens have planted a total of 21,900 native plants and removed more than 100 truck loads of invasive plants since 2000 at 18 habitat restoration sites. 962 Girl Scouts and Boy Scouts working at Ridgefield Wildlife Refuge, Steigerwald National Wildlife Refuge and Lacamas Creek removing invasive species and planting native vegetation. 8,900 students, teachers, and parent volunteers participated in-service learning projects. Provided applied learning programs to 80,680 students since January 2001. 68,041 in classroom and educational field projects including 231 students from ten classes at three schools worked on Schoolyard Stormwater Projects 2,700 students, teachers, and parent volunteers received in-service learning projects, for a total of 8,900 to date, including 142 project days. 190 trained at our teacher workshops teachers at 16 workshops. 853 teachers requested our classroom and field programs since January 2001. Summer Camp for 4-6 graders in partnership with Lewis and Clark National Historic Park. Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan Developed 1996-1999 Community Based: Management Committee; Policy Committee; Work Groups; constituent meetings; public meetings; surveys, etc. � reviewed science, identified problems, developed actions to address Characterized the lower river and estuary: State of the Health of the River ($6 Million research and studies, 1989-1995) Ecosystem approach: water quality, habitat, land use, fish and wildlife � First regional comprehensive plan Actions: 43 specific actions agreed to by large collaboration that will address the problems Framework for implementing actions Accountable to US Environmental Protection Agency; Congress and to the Citizens Accomplishments to date Restored 4,204 acres of habitat with 85 partners at 30 sites, 1,244 acres acquired for future restoration and 550 acres of historic floodplain reconnected to tidal fluctuation. Completed Estuary Recovery Plan Module and Completed subbasin plans Completed monthly toxic and conventional pollutant water quality monitoring. Developed stormwater programs for two communities; developed website to showcase local examples; developed stormwater retrofits with three schools. 14,405 citizen volunteers worked at Estuary Partnership volunteer projects throughout the study area since 2001. 5,218 sampled dissolved oxygen, turbidity, water temperature, and pH at sites from Bonneville Dam to the Pacific Ocean in our six annual volunteer water quality monitoring events. 8,078 citizens have planted a total of 21,900 native plants and removed more than 100 truck loads of invasive plants since 2000 at 18 habitat restoration sites. 962 Girl Scouts and Boy Scouts working at Ridgefield Wildlife Refuge, Steigerwald National Wildlife Refuge and Lacamas Creek removing invasive species and planting native vegetation. 8,900 students, teachers, and parent volunteers participated in-service learning projects. Provided applied learning programs to 80,680 students since January 2001. 68,041 in classroom and educational field projects including 231 students from ten classes at three schools worked on Schoolyard Stormwater Projects 2,700 students, teachers, and parent volunteers received in-service learning projects, for a total of 8,900 to date, including 142 project days. 190 trained at our teacher workshops teachers at 16 workshops. 853 teachers requested our classroom and field programs since January 2001. Summer Camp for 4-6 graders in partnership with Lewis and Clark National Historic Park.

4: Science Program Components Habitat Restoration Regional Prioritization Strategy Shoreline Videography: Assessment of Conditions/ Landscape Analysis Inventory Project Implementation & Effectiveness Monitoring Sediment Management Species Recovery Monitoring and Toxic Reduction

5: Historic Habitat Loss Key point with this slide, tidal marshes and tidal swamps are greatly diminished and developed floodplains greatly increased Loss of habitat has been identified as one of the greatest threats to the integrity of lower river and estuary Diking, filling, shoreline armoring, dams, and urban development have altered the river�s landscape Physical complexity such as shallow, dendritic channels and backwater sloughs have become diminished Importance to Salmon: Juvenile salmonids need a complexity and a continuum of habitats for feeding, resting, and refuge Suitable lower river and estuary habitats are crucial to survival of subyearling chinook salmon and other species listed under the ESA Key point with this slide, tidal marshes and tidal swamps are greatly diminished and developed floodplains greatly increased Loss of habitat has been identified as one of the greatest threats to the integrity of lower river and estuary Diking, filling, shoreline armoring, dams, and urban development have altered the river�s landscape Physical complexity such as shallow, dendritic channels and backwater sloughs have become diminished Importance to Salmon: Juvenile salmonids need a complexity and a continuum of habitats for feeding, resting, and refuge Suitable lower river and estuary habitats are crucial to survival of subyearling chinook salmon and other species listed under the ESA

6: Restoration Tools & Data: Defining Regional Strategies and Priorities Emerging Information Monitoring for toxic contaminants Fish Surveys Ecosystem Classification: Lidar Prioritization Strategy Classifies lower river based on landscape characteristics Defines needed restoration activities Improves cost effectiveness Project Review Criteria 100 Scientists, Directs project selection Shoreline Inventory 630 miles videographed and classified shoreline features Identifies high priority restoration sites Key point: moving away from opportunistic, isolated restoration program and projects into a more regional and strategic approach based on landscape characteristics and emerging science. -Restoration will always involve many regional interests and be collaborative � somewhat based on where work can be done � hopefully this approach will lead to greater overall ecological benefit -Prioritization strategy - identifies the most ecologically beneficial locations for restoration and describes the most appropriate types of restoration strategies for those locations. -The Strategic Prioritization for Habitat Restoration in the Columbia River Estuary is based on the following assumptions: -Alteration of shallow water tidal and adjacent habitats results in degradation of estuarine ecological functions -Degradation of ecological functions is caused by alteration of one or more key factors that control the development and maintenance of estuarine habitats -Restoration of habitats and their associated functions depends on reducing, preventing, or eliminating impacts to these controlling factors. Review Criteria: developed in 2001 at Estuary Partnership workshop in Astoria, refined several times since by Work Group. Ecosystem Criteria Habitat Connectivity, Areas of Historic Habitat Type Loss, Improvement in Ecosystem Function Accessibility For Target Species Implementation Criteria Use Natural Processes over Habitat Creation, Certainty of Success, Avoiding Impacts to Healthy Ecosystems, Capacity of Sponsor Key point: moving away from opportunistic, isolated restoration program and projects into a more regional and strategic approach based on landscape characteristics and emerging science. -Restoration will always involve many regional interests and be collaborative � somewhat based on where work can be done � hopefully this approach will lead to greater overall ecological benefit -Prioritization strategy - identifies the most ecologically beneficial locations for restoration and describes the most appropriate types of restoration strategies for those locations. -The Strategic Prioritization for Habitat Restoration in the Columbia River Estuary is based on the following assumptions: -Alteration of shallow water tidal and adjacent habitats results in degradation of estuarine ecological functions -Degradation of ecological functions is caused by alteration of one or more key factors that control the development and maintenance of estuarine habitats -Restoration of habitats and their associated functions depends on reducing, preventing, or eliminating impacts to these controlling factors. Review Criteria: developed in 2001 at Estuary Partnership workshop in Astoria, refined several times since by Work Group. Ecosystem Criteria Habitat Connectivity, Areas of Historic Habitat Type Loss, Improvement in Ecosystem Function Accessibility For Target Species Implementation Criteria Use Natural Processes over Habitat Creation, Certainty of Success, Avoiding Impacts to Healthy Ecosystems, Capacity of Sponsor

7: Regional Restoration Inventory Cataloged 122 projects representing 12,986 acres of habitat restored since 1999. Developed a GIS-based framework for prioritizing, selecting, and projecting restoration�projects that provides the highest value on the ecosystem scale. Key points: Prior to this effort, no catalog of regional restoration efforts � this was an opportunity to show that there was (and is) important restoration work taking place in the lower River and estuary This map and another one are live on Estuary Partnership website with data about projects Estuary Partnership projects: 30 restoration projects 12 sponsors, over 85 regional partners 4,204 acres protected 31.5 linear miles of shoreline enhanced Over $5.7 Million leveragedCataloged 122 projects representing 12,986 acres of habitat restored since 1999. Developed a GIS-based framework for prioritizing, selecting, and projecting restoration�projects that provides the highest value on the ecosystem scale. Key points: Prior to this effort, no catalog of regional restoration efforts � this was an opportunity to show that there was (and is) important restoration work taking place in the lower River and estuary This map and another one are live on Estuary Partnership website with data about projects Estuary Partnership projects: 30 restoration projects 12 sponsors, over 85 regional partners 4,204 acres protected 31.5 linear miles of shoreline enhanced Over $5.7 Million leveraged

8: Active Partners Council / BPA: $4,000,000 2003-2007; estimated $4,500,000 2008-2010 Council / BPA: Pile Dike Removal (proposed) NOAA � Community Based Restoration Partnership: $666,250 2004-2007, est. $750,000 2008-2010 NOAA � Marine Debris: $100,000 2008 EPA � Targeted Watershed $700,000 2003-2005 Corps of Engineers - Section 536: $2M since 2002 Implementers Estuary Partnership, Local Governments, Conservation Organizations, Watershed Councils, CREST, WA Fish Recovery Board Lower Columbia River Ecosystem Restoration, OR and WA, Section 536: Key: Congressional appropriation to Corp to implement Estuary Partnership and Tillamook restoration projects, links Corps to NEP The Corps Section 536 Authority of WRDA 2000 authorizes studies and ecosystem restoration projects for the Lower Columbia River from the mouth of the river to Bonneville Dam. The Section 536 authority is used for near term tactical placement of small restoration projects. Typically, projects are developed to provide benefits for listed salmonid ESUs. Crims Island: Sponsor � USFWS Project involves restoring approximately 200 acres of tidal channel, marsh and riparian habitat to benefit federally listed salmonids, Columbian white-tailed deer and several species of waterfowl. Project will be complete in 2007. Columbia Riparian: Sponsor � USFS The project involves reestablishing a continuous native riparian forest community along the Columbia River, on the Sandy River Delta, and sloughs within the site to restore and enhance habitat features. Construction is scheduled to be complete in 2008. Julia Butler Hanson: Sponsor � USFWS The project involves restoring tidal sloughs and riparian forest habitat to mimic the more natural riparian forest/tidal channel habitats that were historically abundant in the Columbia River estuary. This is a high priority project this fiscal year and in FY 08. Sandy River Delta: Sponsor � USFS The project involves potentially removing a dam, restoring backwater habitat, and hardwood reforestation to benefit federally-listed salmonids and waterfowl species Water Resources Education Center: Sponsor � City of Vancouver The project involves restoring off-channel riparian habitat to benefit federally-listed salmonids, Bald Eagles and several species of waterfowl through re-establishment of a wetland feeder channel and inlet interfacing with the main stem Columbia River. This project is in the feasibility phase. Vancouver Lake: Sponsor � City of Vancouver The project involves improving federally listed salmonid fisheries habitat parameters (e.g. water circulation, water temperature, access and egress, and habitat diversity) in Vancouver Lake through evaluation of hydrologic conditions and implementation of hydrologic based improvements to the lake. This project is in the feasibility phase. Fort Columbia: Sponsor � WDOT The project involves restoring historic estuarine wetland functions to potentially 95 acres through the replacement of an undersized and elevated culvert under Highway 101 near Chinook, Washington. Chinook: Sponsor � WDOT The project involves improving fisheries access and egress for the Chinook River, with other parties implementing habitat restoration upstream and constructing levees to protect adjacent lands from tidal flooding. This project has been put on hold due to landowner issues and will be rescoped in 2007.Lower Columbia River Ecosystem Restoration, OR and WA, Section 536: Key: Congressional appropriation to Corp to implement Estuary Partnership and Tillamook restoration projects, links Corps to NEP The Corps Section 536 Authority of WRDA 2000 authorizes studies and ecosystem restoration projects for the Lower Columbia River from the mouth of the river to Bonneville Dam. The Section 536 authority is used for near term tactical placement of small restoration projects. Typically, projects are developed to provide benefits for listed salmonid ESUs. Crims Island: Sponsor � USFWS Project involves restoring approximately 200 acres of tidal channel, marsh and riparian habitat to benefit federally listed salmonids, Columbian white-tailed deer and several species of waterfowl. Project will be complete in 2007. Columbia Riparian: Sponsor � USFS The project involves reestablishing a continuous native riparian forest community along the Columbia River, on the Sandy River Delta, and sloughs within the site to restore and enhance habitat features. Construction is scheduled to be complete in 2008. Julia Butler Hanson: Sponsor � USFWS The project involves restoring tidal sloughs and riparian forest habitat to mimic the more natural riparian forest/tidal channel habitats that were historically abundant in the Columbia River estuary. This is a high priority project this fiscal year and in FY 08. Sandy River Delta: Sponsor � USFS The project involves potentially removing a dam, restoring backwater habitat, and hardwood reforestation to benefit federally-listed salmonids and waterfowl species Water Resources Education Center: Sponsor � City of Vancouver The project involves restoring off-channel riparian habitat to benefit federally-listed salmonids, Bald Eagles and several species of waterfowl through re-establishment of a wetland feeder channel and inlet interfacing with the main stem Columbia River. This project is in the feasibility phase. Vancouver Lake: Sponsor � City of Vancouver The project involves improving federally listed salmonid fisheries habitat parameters (e.g. water circulation, water temperature, access and egress, and habitat diversity) in Vancouver Lake through evaluation of hydrologic conditions and implementation of hydrologic based improvements to the lake. This project is in the feasibility phase. Fort Columbia: Sponsor � WDOT The project involves restoring historic estuarine wetland functions to potentially 95 acres through the replacement of an undersized and elevated culvert under Highway 101 near Chinook, Washington. Chinook: Sponsor � WDOT The project involves improving fisheries access and egress for the Chinook River, with other parties implementing habitat restoration upstream and constructing levees to protect adjacent lands from tidal flooding. This project has been put on hold due to landowner issues and will be rescoped in 2007.

Slide 9:Part of a larger restoration project in the Grays Bay area of the estuary � RM 19-23 on the WA side of the river Partners � 11 partners, including CREST, DU, LCFRB, USFWS, WDFW, USDA -CLT coordinated the acquisition of 11 properties in the Grays Bay area Lessons learned � recognize the complexity of large scale projects, respect timelines, coordination is key, community involvement needs to be ongoing for future stewardshipPart of a larger restoration project in the Grays Bay area of the estuary � RM 19-23 on the WA side of the river Partners � 11 partners, including CREST, DU, LCFRB, USFWS, WDFW, USDA -CLT coordinated the acquisition of 11 properties in the Grays Bay area Lessons learned � recognize the complexity of large scale projects, respect timelines, coordination is key, community involvement needs to be ongoing for future stewardship

10: Brownsmead/Blind SloughTidal Reconnection -Location � RM 30 � 17 miles east of Astoria, OR Partners � 7, including Clatsop Diking Improvement Company #7, COE, USFWS, NPRCC, watershed councils Lessons Learned � community support is crucial � concerns about flooding, data gathering and outreach are key components of community support-Location � RM 30 � 17 miles east of Astoria, OR Partners � 7, including Clatsop Diking Improvement Company #7, COE, USFWS, NPRCC, watershed councils Lessons Learned � community support is crucial � concerns about flooding, data gathering and outreach are key components of community support

11: Restoration Projects - 2008 Restoration Otter Point: dike breach Stephens Creek: CSO pipe removal/wetland grading Mirror Lake: culvert replacement Scappoose Bottomlands: wetland revegetation Crazy Johnson Creek: land acquisition Marine Debris Coal Creek Slough: remove abandoned pile dikes. Pile Dike Removal Proposed for 2008: build off work at Coal Creek Slough and increase removal throughout the estuary Key point: new focus on marine debris and pile dike Coal Creek Slough � pilot project � remove between 200-300 pilings; find out how salmonid use of waters increases after pile dike removal, what kind of predator species are associated with pile structures, sediment characteristics -hoping to take what we learn from this project and apply it to more comprehensive pile dike workKey point: new focus on marine debris and pile dike Coal Creek Slough � pilot project � remove between 200-300 pilings; find out how salmonid use of waters increases after pile dike removal, what kind of predator species are associated with pile structures, sediment characteristics -hoping to take what we learn from this project and apply it to more comprehensive pile dike work

12: Sediment Management Sediment Plan will: Provide regional decision making context Assess Contamination Issues Identify disposal issues: location, costs Impacts to habitat Creation of predator habitat Loss of instream habitat Key Point: Estuary Partnership working with Low. Col. Solutions Group: identified same issue with sediment that was previously touched on related to habitat restoration - project by project, no regional comprehensive approach and not linked to habitat impact and toxic contaminants Estuary Partnership funding: Regional Upland Disposal Plan and initial work on regional sediment plan with Trask & Assoc Regional Context � 2 states, public/private, diverse stakeholders, etc Sediment mgmt tied into possible restoration projects Problem Transport and Distribution of toxics results in ports and other regular dredge sites having contaminated material Heavy metals, pesticides make in water disposal not possible and poses problems for upland disposal Goals Develop regional long term plan for upland sites Unify policies for upland disposal Streamline permitting processes with regulatory adoption of this plan Provide upland disposal plan that incorporates local land use requirements, environmental protection and economic interests Establish funding source for research and development of treatment technologies Develop management process for managing contaminated materials Key Point: Estuary Partnership working with Low. Col. Solutions Group: identified same issue with sediment that was previously touched on related to habitat restoration - project by project, no regional comprehensive approach and not linked to habitat impact and toxic contaminants Estuary Partnership funding: Regional Upland Disposal Plan and initial work on regional sediment plan with Trask & Assoc Regional Context � 2 states, public/private, diverse stakeholders, etc Sediment mgmt tied into possible restoration projects Problem Transport and Distribution of toxics results in ports and other regular dredge sites having contaminated material Heavy metals, pesticides make in water disposal not possible and poses problems for upland disposal Goals Develop regional long term plan for upland sites Unify policies for upland disposal Streamline permitting processes with regulatory adoption of this plan Provide upland disposal plan that incorporates local land use requirements, environmental protection and economic interests Establish funding source for research and development of treatment technologies Develop management process for managing contaminated materials

13: Species RecoveryNWPCC, BPA & NOAA Confirm recovery priorities in Management Plan: Sub Basin Plan for lower river and estuary, 2004 � six priority areas: hydro system effects, habitat, toxic contaminants, non-native species, predation, and uncertainty Phase 2 Recovery module for lower river and estuary 2007 Threats: flow, sediment impairment, structures, food web and predators, riparian practices and toxic contaminants. Action Agencies- Comprehensive Analysis � August 2007 Key point: moving Recovery module and biological opinion to implementation The subbasin plan for the lower River and estuary and the recovery module identify a similar set of factors affecting endangered species Recovery module about to go out for federal register review Key point: moving Recovery module and biological opinion to implementation The subbasin plan for the lower River and estuary and the recovery module identify a similar set of factors affecting endangered species Recovery module about to go out for federal register review

14: Developed 1996-1999 with USGS and large work group of public and private sector scientists Assessed current activities, needs and gaps Defined plan to fill gaps The plan includes the following components: Monitoring Oversight Data Management Habitat Monitoring Exotic Species Conventional Pollutants Toxic Contaminants Primary Productivity and Food Web Dynamics Same issue as habitat: no focus on lower river, no compreh plan for monitoring mainstem Monitoring ahead of restoration in terms of strategic plan, behind on funding Monitoring Oversight: PNAMP, Columbia River Aquatic Nuisance Species Working Group, Water Quality Team, Columbia River Toxics Reduction Strategy Working Group Data Management: NED Habitat Monitoring: Ecosystem Classification, Bathymetry and Land Cover Data Collection Exotic Species: Tidal Wetland Vegetation Surveys Conventional Pollutants: Nutrients; Total Dissolved Gas, Chlorophyll a, Bacteria; Carbon species; Suspended sediment; pH; Water temperature; and Dissolved oxygen Toxic Contaminants: PCBs, PAHs, PBDEs, pesticides, metals, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products Primary Productivity and Food Web Dynamics: Assess algae through piscivorous fish and wildlife Same issue as habitat: no focus on lower river, no compreh plan for monitoring mainstem Monitoring ahead of restoration in terms of strategic plan, behind on funding Monitoring Oversight: PNAMP, Columbia River Aquatic Nuisance Species Working Group, Water Quality Team, Columbia River Toxics Reduction Strategy Working Group Data Management: NED Habitat Monitoring: Ecosystem Classification, Bathymetry and Land Cover Data Collection Exotic Species: Tidal Wetland Vegetation Surveys Conventional Pollutants: Nutrients; Total Dissolved Gas, Chlorophyll a, Bacteria; Carbon species; Suspended sediment; pH; Water temperature; and Dissolved oxygen Toxic Contaminants: PCBs, PAHs, PBDEs, pesticides, metals, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products Primary Productivity and Food Web Dynamics: Assess algae through piscivorous fish and wildlife

15: Monitoring to Date 1989 � 1996: Bi-State $6,000,000: Gives us Baseline at over 500 sites 1996- 2005: One time Snapshots gives us quick look EPA EMAP: $500,000 & USGS BEST: $3,000,000 2003-2007: Council & BPA investment $2,300,000 gave us: Ecosystem Classification System Habitat Monitoring (exotic species) Water Quality Monitoring � USGS matched BPA funds Salmonid Sampling �NOAA matched BPA funds Toxics Model Development 2008-2010: Council & BPA investment $1,875,000 will give us: Trend Ability Ecosystem Classification System Habitat monitoring (exotic species) Salmonid Sampling (No toxics) � NOAA matching Key Point: Need: more comprehensive and sustained investment for trend analysis 2.3M: Contaminants to be Measured: PCBs, Pesticides, Mercury, PAHs, PBDEs, Dioxins/furans, Metals, estrogenic and wastewater compounds Key Point: Need: more comprehensive and sustained investment for trend analysis 2.3M: Contaminants to be Measured: PCBs, Pesticides, Mercury, PAHs, PBDEs, Dioxins/furans, Metals, estrogenic and wastewater compounds

16: Results of Monitoring Project Legacy, Bioaccumulative, Persistent Contaminants banned from 1970s still detected in sediments and fish, including pesticides, (DDT), coolants and lubricants (PCBs) PCBs in salmon tissue and PAHs present in salmon prey exceed estimated thresholds for delayed mortality, increased disease susceptibility, and reduced growth Emerging, sublethal Flame retardants (PBDEs) on the rise and salmon in the vicinity of Portland have levels within the top 10% of those reported for resident fish in the region Copper detected at concentrations known to interfere with salmon olfaction: imprinting, homing, schooling, shoaling, predator detection, predator avoidance, and spawning Juvenile Chinook salmon collected from the Portland area have abnormal levels of an estrogen-regulated yolk protein Monitoring: 2008 Refinement of the Ecosystem Classification System Development of a probabilistic sampling design Additional Habitat monitoring in additional tidal wetlands Salmon sampling at habitat monitoring sites Dissolved Oxygen, temperature, depth and specific conductance monitoring at two habitat and salmon monitoring sites Monitoring: 2008 Refinement of the Ecosystem Classification System Development of a probabilistic sampling design Additional Habitat monitoring in additional tidal wetlands Salmon sampling at habitat monitoring sites Dissolved Oxygen, temperature, depth and specific conductance monitoring at two habitat and salmon monitoring sites

17: Future Activities: Based On What We Know, What Do We Need? More strategic approach More aggressive identification of projects Continue tidal reconnection projects and increase marine debris and pile dike removal projects Link effectiveness monitoring to results Expand knowledge of fish use in tidal freshwater portion of the estuary Expand involvement from local, state, federal and tribal partners Add Monitoring Future Key Point: Focus been on impact on salmon Need more comprehensive Need investment on reduction actions EPA Focus, Estuary Partnership assisting Add Monitoring Future Key Point: Focus been on impact on salmon Need more comprehensive Need investment on reduction actions EPA Focus, Estuary Partnership assisting