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Steps to Perform a Meta-Analysis

Steps to Perform a Meta-Analysis. Define the meta-analytic research question Locate the relevant literature Calculate effect sizes and code moderating variables Analyze the meta-analytic database Report and interpret the results. Define the Meta-Analytic Research Question.

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Steps to Perform a Meta-Analysis

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  1. Steps to Perform a Meta-Analysis • Define the meta-analytic research question • Locate the relevant literature • Calculate effect sizes and code moderating variables • Analyze the meta-analytic database • Report and interpret the results

  2. Define the Meta-Analytic Research Question • Purpose of this step • Determine what hypotheses your meta-analysis will test • Estimate the strength of an effect • Determine moderators of an effect • Determine what types of studies you will include in your analysis

  3. Define the Meta-Analytic Research Question • Goals for this step • Hypotheses should have theoretical value • Should have specific inclusion criteria to make locating studies easier • Included studies should be appropriate for the hypotheses being tested

  4. Locate the relevant literature • Purpose of this step • Obtain the population of studies related to your research hypotheses • Modify the hypotheses and inclusion criteria of your analysis to better fit the literature

  5. Locate the relevant literature • Goals for this step • Should find every study that has investigated the effect of interest • Make your hypotheses better address the questions that researchers have investigated in primary research

  6. Calculate effect sizes and code moderating variables • Purpose of this step • Determine what effects you will examine in each study • Compute a specific estimate of the size of each effect • Determine the value of your moderating variables for each effect

  7. Calculate effect sizes and code moderating variables • Goals for this step • Accurately determine effect size estimates and moderator codes • Should try to have estimates for every effect • Typically have two different people calculate effect sizes and code moderators so you can estimate reliability

  8. Analyze the meta-analytic database • Purpose of this step • Perform descriptive analyses to determine the overall strength and consistency of the effect • Perform moderator analyses to determine if study characteristics influence the effect size

  9. Analyze the meta-analytic database • Goal for this step • Analyses should be valid • Analyses should directly answer the research questions

  10. Report and interpret the results • Purpose of this step • Summarize the results of your analyses • Relate your analyses to the research questions • Draw conclusions based on your analyses

  11. Report and interpret the results • Goals for this step • Verbally describe the implications of your analyses • Report any limitations you see regarding your analysis • Violation of assumptions • Power • Representativeness • Suggest areas of future research

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