Islam Project

1. Islam Project By: Chloe, Sierra, and Leah

2. CHLOE Geography Dear Americans, As a towns person I know Arabia very well because I have lived here all my life. In Arabia we trade lots of stock. We are mostly made up of Muslims. The surrounding area s mostly open desert and sand dunes. We have a couple of oases every now and then. It is very hot here and so we wear long sleeve shirts pants and hats to cover our bodies as much as possible. We had to adapt to the harsh weather and surroundings by changing our clothing style and food. A few main things the Arabian people eat are Wheat, Barley, Dates, Rice, and Meat. This is easy to find here in the dry land. For a drink we usually have coffee. I hope you liked learning about our Culture! wisegeek.org tradisiwedding.com 123rf.com

3. illuzion.proboards.com Muhammad Timeline historyofwar.org sacredsites.com • AD 570- Muhammad was born in Mecca • AD 595- Muhammad marries Kahadijah. • AD 610- An angel appears and tells Muhammad to spread the word of God. • AD613- Muhammad begins to spread the message • AD619- Kahadijah and Muhammad’s uncle AbuTalib died. • AD622- Muhammad and his followers leave Mecca for Medina in the Hegira. • AD624- The Nakhla raid started. This happened in one of the four months that fighting was forbidden. • AD632- Muhammad dies. Islam begins to spread across southwest Asia and north Africa. • AD633- Muslim conquest begins. in.dir.groups.yahoo.com christianreadsquran.wordpress SIERRA

4. CHLOE The 5 pillars of Faith prosportstickers.com elektratig.blogspot.com bostonorganics.com 1. A Muslim must acknowledge that there is only one god and Muhammad is his prophet. 2. Muslims must pray 5 times a day acknowledging Mecca at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, dusk and after dark. 3. Every Muslim must pay a Zagat, a tax imposed by Muhammad, to the government. 4. A Muslim must fast for the month of Ramadan. During the fasting month, one must refrain from eating, and drinking, from dawn until sunset. 5. A Muslim must make a pilgrimage to Mecca. Every adult Muslim who is able to do so must make this pilgrimage at least once in their lifetime. ahsanjehangir.blogspot.com

5. CHLOE Teachings Qur’an Sunnah Sunnah denotes the practice of Prophet Muhammad that he taught and practically instituted as a teacher of the sharia and the best example Qur'an is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be the verbatim word of God .It is regarded widely as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language. The Quran is composed of verses that make up 114 chapters of unequal length which are classified either as Meccan or Medinan. Sharia Sharia deals with many topics that are addressed by secular law, including politics, crime and economics, as well as personal matters such as hygiene , diet, prayer, and fasting.

6. LEAH Comparisons http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/comparison_charts/islam_judaism

7. Ottoman’s: G: It was very large, spanned from the Balkans through Turkey, through the middle East and into much of North Africa, It was desert mixed with a lot of mountain ranges in turkey and the Balkans... and the whole coast of these places bordered the Mediterranean. R: The Ottoman system had three court systems, one for muslims, one for non-muslims and one for trade court. A: They found a way to be able to expand very quickly and easily ( I couldn’t find anything) P: At the very top of the pyramidal societal structure was the Sultan, absolute commander of all. A step below the Sultan were a small group of wealthy, esteemed leaders, their main duties of this select little group were to protect and enlarge the financial assets of the state. E: The economic history covers the period 1299-1923. It was split to 2 era’s. The first is the classic era enlargement. The Second period was the reformation era S: The basic division in Ottoman society was the traditional Middle Eastern distinction between a small ruling class of Ottomans and a large mass of subjects called rayas. Safavid: G: The Safavid Empire expands from the Caspian Sea, Arabian Sea, to the Persian Gulf. R: It was all other religions, and forms of Islam were suppressed A: Safavid ruled one of the greatest Persian empires, marking one of the most important turning points in history of islam. P: The political system was organized into a shape like a pyramid: Shah (top), bureaucracy and landed class (Middle), Common people (bottom) E: What fueled the growth of Safavid economy was Iran's position between the burgeoning civilizations of Europe to its west and India and Islamic Central Asia to its east and north. S: The Safavid Empire lasted from 1501-1722, it covered all of Iran, and parts of Turkey and Georgia. The Safavid Empire was a theocracy LEAH Empires

8. Mughal: G: The Empire extended from Bengal to Balochistan (east to west) and Kashmir (north) and Kaveri (south). That territory the Mughal ruled was over 1.2 million square miles R: Religions that the people believed in, in the time of the Mughal Empire were mostly Hinduism, Islamic. A: The flourishing of art, such as calligraphy, The Mughal Empire was famous for its mix of foods including Mughlai Plao, Akbari and Shah Jahani P: In the Mughal period there was an emperor. This emperor could make its own laws without having to talk to anyone else about them. E: The economy was very strong during the Mughal period. S: The standard of living of the poor was very low also had better treatment for women. LEAH Empires (continued) zonu.com ottomans-safavids-mughals.wikispaces.com mapsofindia.com

9. SIERRA Achievements • Mathematics was an achievement because now the whole world uses it. Muslims were the first people to invent the number “zero”. • Astronomy was an achievement to Muslims because it was important to their religion. • Medicine was an achievement. Scientists in Greece and India studied medicine and keep adding knowledge to what they discovered. They created tests, wrote descriptions, made encyclopedias, and opened the first pharmacy. • Literature was an achievement. When scientists and doctors studied ancient Greek they decided to write down their thoughts. They started to write poetry and Muslims saw all of their thoughts. • Art was an achievement. Muslim artists created calligraphy, decorative writing. They wrote it on tiles, wove it into carpet and hammered it into steel sword blades. en.wikipedia.org munaandthecraftcompany.blogspot.com

10. SIERRA Sunni and Shia 70-90% of all Muslims are Sunni 10-20% of all Muslims are Shia’s Place to Worship: Imam Bargah Place to Worship: Mosque 2 main dominationsof Islam Was Muhammad the last messenger of Allah? Both Pillars Why did Sunni separate from Shia? Believe in one God Population: 120 Million Prophet: Muhammad Population: 1.2 Billion Locations: Iran Iraq Lebanon Azerbaijan Bahrain Locations: South East Asia South Asia China Africa Most of Arab SUNNI SHIA

11. LEAH Islam Today Islam Today "The Trouble with Islam is an open letter from me, a Muslim voice of reform, to concerned citizens worldwide – Muslim and not. It's about why my faith community needs to come to terms with the diversity of ideas, beliefs and people in our universe, and why non-Muslims have a pivotal role in helping us get there." - "That doesn't mean I refuse to be a Muslim, it simply means I refuse to join an army of automatons in the name of Allah." ‘At Friday prayers in Qatar's most popular mosque, the imam discussed the civil war in Syria, the unrest in Egypt and the U.N. endorsement of an independent state of Palestine”

12. LEAH Role of Women Role of Woman: The relationship between women in Islam is different from the role of men in Islam. "Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has made one of them to excel the other, and because they spend from their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient and guard in the husband's absence what Allah orders them to guard." The Qur’an does not actually say that mentions that women have to be housewives.

13. RESOURCES: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi'a%E2%80%93Sunni_relations http://www.diffen.com/difference/Shia_vs_Sunni http://wikiislam.net/wiki/The_Timeline_of_Muhammad http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/timeline.htm http://www.thereligionofpeace.com/pages/history.htm www.nbcnews.com