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Stratification

Stratification. Learning Objectives. Explain the interconnectedness between stratification, economics, politics, subsistence, and kinship. Demonstrate and understanding of basic concepts in cultural anthropology. Distinguish between open and closed systems.

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Stratification

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  1. Stratification

  2. Learning Objectives • Explain the interconnectedness between stratification, economics, politics, subsistence, and kinship. • Demonstrate and understanding of basic concepts in cultural anthropology. • Distinguish between open and closed systems. • Read and critically analyze writing on stratification and gender relations • Distinguish between sex and gender. • Discuss how gender varies across cultures

  3. Social stratification

  4. Social Stratification • _____________________________ • Access to _________________ • What is a resource? Is it purely economical?

  5. Social Stratification • Points to Note: • 1. • Not a reflection of individual differences • 2. • 3.

  6. Open vs Closed Systems Stratification systems are either Closed: _______________________ Open: __________________________ Checkpoint: What does mobility mean in the context?

  7. Closed Systems • __________________________ • __________________ • Checkpoint: • What are ascribed characteristics?

  8. Caste Example: Japan’s Feudal Caste System • Feudalist era • Very complex cast system • Touchable • Untouchable

  9. Caste Example: Japan’s Feudal Caste System

  10. Nanda’s ‘Arranging a Marriage in India’ • How did Nanda's definition and perceptive of arranged marriages changed as she conducted ethnographic fieldwork? • What fieldwork did she conduct? • How does the social stratification of India play a role in arranged marriages?

  11. Open Systems • ________________________________ • ___________________ • Checkpoint: • What are achieved characteristics? • Can you think of a culture with a class system?

  12. Social Mobility • Is there a relationship between ethnicity and social mobility? • Is there a relationship between gender and social mobility? • Remember: think beyond the U.S.

  13. Genderand Gender stratification

  14. What is Gender? • Sex = biology • _____________________________ • Gender • 1. • 2.

  15. What Does Gender Consist Of? • How males/females perceive and define themselves and each other • 1. • 2. • KEY POINT:

  16. Terms for Lecture • Gender Roles • 1. • [Distinguish between: Prestige systems & Power given in society] • Gender stereotypes • 1. • Gender stratification • 1.

  17. Gender Stratification • Table 9.1 (p211) – based on 1973 article • Generalities not Universals • What does this mean?

  18. Gender Stratification • Table 9.1 (p211) – based on 1973 article

  19. Gender Stratification Deviations from Table 9.1

  20. Gender Stratification Deviations from Table 9.1

  21. Gender Stratification Deviations from Table 9.1 • ___________ among Mbuti ‘pygmies’ • ___________________ • ________________ • Today men also hunt but their goal is centered on obtaining bushmeat for market sales

  22. Gender Stratification Deviations from Table 9.1

  23. Gender Roles & Stratification • Interconnected with subsistence & economics • Generally observed when: • ♀ ______________________ than ♂ • Example: __________________ • Inuit • What happens when _____________?

  24. Gender Roles & Stratification • Domestic and public spheres • _______________________________ • Domestic-public dichotomy • ________________________________ • Examples of these spheres?

  25. Gender Stratification Increase Gender Stratification • Patrilineral – Patrilocal Complex • Patrilinal descent: • Patriarchy: • Example: Densely populated areas of _________

  26. Gender Stratification Decrease Gender Stratification • Matrilineal – Matrilocal • Matrilineal descent: • Matriarchy: • Examples: • 1. _________________- ♀ sole inheritance of rice fields, decision making • 2. ______________________– central role socially, economically, and ceremonial life plus village and regional influence

  27. Gender Roles & Worksheet #3 • Worksheet #3: Meintjes’ (2001) ‘Washing Machines Make Lazy Women’ • (Multiple) Symbolic, Gender Roles & Identity

  28. Beyond ♂ & ♀ • How males/females perceive and define themselves and each other • Self identity • Social identity • KEY POINT: Gender, in several cultures, is not biologically fixed

  29. Beyond ♂ & ♀ • 1. __________________________ • Preference for the work of the opposite sex and/or for work set aside for their 3rd or 4thgender • 2. ______________________ • ________________

  30. Beyond ♂ & ♀ • 3. __________________________ • Calling • 4. ___________________ • Formation of sexual or emotional bonds

  31. Beyond ♂ & ♀ • William’s article: • In your own words, explain the spiritual connection for the acceptance of a Berdache in Native American societies. • Use an example from William's article to support your explanation.

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