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Nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA, are large organic molecules essential for life. DNA encodes genetic information and regulates biological processes, while RNA acts as a messenger in protein synthesis. The basic units of these molecules are nucleotides, composed of nitrogenous bases, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is the primary energy carrier in cells, fueling vital activities such as muscle contractions and cellular processes. ATP is formed from glucose decomposition, releasing energy as phosphates are removed.
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E. Nucleic Acids 1. Huge organic molecules with C, H, O, N and a distinguishing P 2. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)- forms genetic code and regulates most activities that take place in life 3. Ribonucleic acid (RNA)- relays info for the construction of proteins
4. Basic units are nucleotides made of nitrogenous bases, pentose sugar, and a phosphate group a. Only 5 different options but every individual houses an unique combination
F. Adenosine Triphosphate 1. ATP is the principle energy storing molecule in the body a. Provides enrgy for contractions, chromosome movement, respiration, and other reactions 2. Recognized by the nitrogenous base adenine with 3 phosphate groups and a 5 C ribose
3. As phosphates are removed energy is released a. ATP ADP b. ADP AMP 4. ATP is created by using energy from the decomposition of glucose to push P onto ADP
