1. Horses

2. 5 Basic/True Colors • Bay • Brown • Black • Chestnut (Sorrel) • White

3. Bay • Mixture of red and yellow, with a black mane and tail.

4. Black • Solid Black

5. Chestnut (Sorrel) • Red with a red mane and tail

6. Brown • Solid brown

7. White • White; born white and remains white it’s entire life

8. 5 Variation Colors • Dun • Gray • Palomino • Pinto • Roan

9. Dun (Buckskin) • Yellowish to tan with a black mane and tail

10. Gray • Mixture of white and black hairs

11. Palomino • Golden to yellow, with a white mane and tail

12. Pinto (Painted) • White mixed with any other color

13. Roan • Basic color with white tipped hairs

14. 4 NaturalGaitsof Horses Gait – Is a particular way of going, either natural or learned, which is characterized by a distinctive rhythmic movement of the feet and legs. • Walk • Trot • Canter • Gallop

15. Blemishes/ Unsoundness • Blemish– an abnormality that does not affect the serviceability of the horse Examples: 1. Wire Cuts 2. Rope Burns 3. Nail Puncture

16. Unsoundness – serious abnormalities that does affect the serviceability of the horse. Examples: 1. Bad conformation 2. Strain and stress 3. Accidents and injuries 4. Nutritional deficiencies

17. Measurements of Horses • Height – measure from the withers straight down the front legs to the ground. Unit of Measurement “Hand” = 4 inches Example: 15 hands = 60 inches 60 inches = 15 hands

18. Weight • Place horse on a scale • Horse Formula Heart Girth (in.) x Heart Girth (in.) x Body Length (in.) = Body Weight in Lbs. 330

19. Age • By the number and the wear of teeth Example: Describe how the teeth of a 5 year old horse’s are different from a 20 year old horse? 5yrs- nearly perpendicular 20yrs- slant sharply forward

20. Conformation • Conformation- body shape and form Desirable: Level back Well muscled quarters Alert Carriage of head and ears Faults: Swayback Paunchy stomach Narrow heart girth

21. Scientific Names • Scientific name= Used in scientific writings to reduce confusion of multiple common names, the scientific name (or Latin name) of an animal is two words long; consisting of the genus and species names. The entire name is written in italics (or underlined if italics are not available), with the genus capitalized. • Example: Humans = Homo sapiens

22. Scientific Classification • Kingdom – Animalia (animal) Phylum– Chordata (vertebrate) Class – Mammalia (mammal) Order – Perissodactyla (nonruminant) Family – Equidae (rhino, rabbit, tapir) Genus – Equus (horses, mule, zebra) Species – caballus (horses) • Equus caballus = is the correct Genus/species name for horses • Equus Assinus = is the correct Genus/species name for a donkey

23. Homer sapiens

24. Horse Terms • Equine = scientific name for all “horses” • Equestrian= a person engaged in horse work or activity • Farrier= a hoof caretaker of horses • Lactation = producing milk • Cheval = horse meat • Gestation = length of pregnancy (11 months • Conformation= body shape and form • Equuscaballus= is the correct Genus/species name for horses

25. Unsoundness – serious abnormalities that does affect the serviceability of the horse. • Blemish– an abnormality that does not affect the serviceability of the horse • Gait– Is a particular way of going, either natural or learned, which is characterized by a distinctive rhythmic movement of the feet and legs • Stud – adult male horse • Mare – adult female horse • Foal – young horse • Gelding – castrated horse • Filly – young female • Colt – young male