ACCURACY BUILDS CREDIBILITY

1. ACCURACY BUILDS CREDIBILITY

2. BUDAPESTI GAZDASÁGI FŐISKOLA INTERNATIONAL MARKETING LECTURE- 9 In English 27th April 2012 – FRIDAY 0940hr –1110hr (E.F. 13-15) Miklós(Nicholas)SOÓS 0630 265 9638 miklosoos@hotmail.com somi

3. LECTURE DATES - TIMES - LOCATION RE: Miklós (Nicholas) SOÓS • FEB. 17. 0940-1110 [E.F.13-15] • FEB. 24. 0940-1110 [E.F.13-15] • MARCH 2. 0940-1110 [E.F.13-15] • MARCH 9. 0940-1110 [E.F.13-15] • MARCH 16. VACATION • MARCH 23. VACATION • 5. MARCH 30. 0940-1110 [E.F.13-15] – re. feb.10 • 6. APR. 6. 0940-1110 [E.F.13-15] (guest lect?) • 7. APR. 13. 0940-1110 [E.F.13-15] • 8. APR. 20. 0940-1110 [E.F.13-15] • 9. APR. 27. 0940-1110 [E.F.13-15] • 10. MAY 4. 0940-1110 [E.F.13-15] • 11. MAY 11. 0940-1110 [E.F.13-15] somi

4. CLASS ATTENDANCE somi

5. Please ensure that you personally sign the attendance sheet every time you attend a lecture. somi

6. The visual contents of lectures will be available internally on the following site: K:\Hallgatok\ANGOL\Soós tanár úr (available internally only) somi

7. SOURCES, REFERENCES – SUGGESTED READINGS The course is NOT based on any specific textbook. The following are recommended. International Marketing, Cateora, P. & Graham, J. (2005) 12th edition, McGraw-Hill Global Marketing, Hollensen, S. (2004) 3rd edition, Prentice Hall International Marketing Strategy, Doole, I. & Lowe, R (2004) 4th edition Thomson International Marketing and Export Management, Albaum G, Prentice Hall London Principles of Marketing, Kotler P et. Al, 2nd European edition, Prentice Hall E. 2003 Principles of Marketing,Jobber D, McGraw-Hill Principles of Marketing, Brassington F, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2000 Marketing on the Internet: Principles of online marketing, Strauss J & Raymond F, Prentice Hall,1999 Internet sites: www.pmcinc.org/ www.tradeport.org www.FAS.USDA.gov somi

8. ASSESSMENT METHOD End of year written examination 60% Two (2) ‘mini’ exams of 20 min. duration during unannounced lectures40% somi somi

9. Where we finished last week. somi

10. FACTORS IN THE FOREIGN MARKET ENTRY MODE DECISION External Factors Target Country Environmental Factors Target Country Produc-tion Factors Home Country Factors Target Country Market Factors Foreign Market Entry Mode Decision Company Resource/ Commitment Factors Company Product Factors Internal Factors somi

11. MARKET RESEARCH EMPHASIS ON INTERNATIONAL MARKET RESEARCH somi

12. 17. MARKETING INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS) collection external internal Continuous and coordinated analysis selection INFORMATION distribution implementation Somi

13. So …What is Market Reseach? Research is the : COLLECTION and ANALYSIS of data to produce information. • Collecting information from customers with a questionnaire is M.R. • Collecting information from sales and customer service people is M.R • Recording and analysing demographic data about your audience is M.R • Observing and recording buyers’ behaviour is M.R. • Assessing people’s attitude towards: - a given subject, object, issue, topic is M.R. somi

14. WHETHER KNOWINGLY OR UNKNOWINGLY PURPOSELY OR INCIDENTALY CONSCIOUSLY OR SUBCONSCIOUSLY IN A PLANNED OR UNPLANNED WAY BY DESIGN OR ACCIDENTALY WILLINGLY OR UNWILLINGLY WE ARE ALL ENGAGED IN CONTINOUS DAILY RESEARCH OF OUR SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL SURROUNDING somi

15. INTERNATIONAL MARKETING RESEARCH International marketing research differs very little from domestic research in terms of applied methods. HOWEVER The differences in the environments of countries, their cultural factors, their languages, must be considered. These differences may arise in the: - marketing environment government environment legal environment economic environment structural environment informational & technological environment sociocultural environment somi

16. Political system Language Geography (climate, architecture) Sex (gender) Age Religious beliefs Culture – heritage Education Race – ethnicity Legal system Form of state Social class Jobs Military age Historical tradition Segregation Habits, body language Marital status characteristics Physical disabilities Traditional clothing Music Food Art Entertainment Fashion Hobbies National symbols Infrastructure IMPORTANT FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED WHEN CONDUCTING MARKETING RESEARCH IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES somi

17. MARKETING RESEARCH:DECISION PROCESS GOAL, OBJECTIVE UNDERSTANDING AND DEFINING THE PROBLEM ANALYSIS OF ENVIROMENTAL FACTORS CONSIDERATION AND SELECTION OF ALTERNATIVE METHODS(S) FINALISATION OF RESEARCH METHOD TO BE ADOPTED CONDUCT RESEARCH AND ANALYSE RESULT FEEDBACK ON CONSEQUENCES OF RESULTS Somi

18. 20. INFORMATION TYPES Obtained & analyzed by others SECONDARY information Original & yet unknown PRIMARY information Qalitative method Qantitative method Inside organisation Outside environment Somi

19. MARKET RESEARCH METHODS QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE SURVEYS EXPERIMENTS FOCUS GROUPS IN-DEPTH INT. formal test marketing mail Tel. PROJECTION TECHN. ‘walk-around’ Physiological tests personal OBSERVATION Somi

20. QUALITATIVE METHOD V QUANTITATIVE METHODBASIC DIFFERENCES QUANTITATIVE research aims to quantify the data and generalize the results from the sample to the population of interest. QUALITATIVE research aims to gain a general understanding of the underlying reasons and motivation of the research subjects. QUALITATIVE research aims to gain a general understanding of the underlying reasons and motivation of the research subjects. • Large sample of representative cases • Structured data collection techniques • Statistical data analysis • Results recommend action • Small number of non-representative samples • Unstructured data collection techniques • Non statistical data analysis • Results used for initial understanding of the problem. • Small number of non-representative samples • Unstructured data collection techniques • Non statistical data analysis • Results used for initial understanding of the problem. Somi

21. International marketing research primary data collection pitfalls…. Beware of: • Degree of literacy • Quality of mail and phone service • Available travel facilities • Cultural norm • Mailing list (adequacy and reliability) • Internet availability • Sampling frames (availability and reliability) Somi

22. INTERNATIONAL MARKET RESEARCH • adapted research vs. cross-national comparability • basic concepts in marketing are culture-depending • similar products and activities perform different functions • lack of market research infrastructure somi

23. IMPORTANT ASPECT OF INTERNATIONAL MARKET RESEARCH • Researchers need to be familiar with problems that are unique to conducting research within and across countries and cultural groups. • Issues that are critical when designing this research are: • construct equivalence • measurement equivalence • sample equivalence somi

24. EQUIVALENCES 1. • Construct equivalence – concerned with whether both researcher and the subject of the research view a particular phenomenon or concept in the same way. E.g. beauty, youth, wealth.. • functional equivalence – e.g. Asian shopping (servants) v europe • conceptual equivalence – e.g. meaning of ‘reliability’ • temporal equivalence – e.g. gift-giving seasons • market structure equivalence – e.g. compare Vietnam & Australia • Measurement equivalence – methods used by the researcher to collect and categorise information. Ensure to measure the same phenomenon between different overseas markets – it is necessary to ensure gradation translation and scale equivalence. • Sample equivalence – due to social, cultural, economic and political differences there are unique problems in international marketing which are not found in domestic marketing Somi

25. EQUIVALENCES 2. • Translation equivalence • back-translation • parallel translation • Mesure equivalence • reliability of research instruments • perception • metric equivalence • calibration • time somi

26. EQUIVALENCES 3. • Sampling • secondary data • categories • base-years • unavailable or unreliable • sampling unit • primary data • respondents? • sampling frame • sampling size somi

27. EQUIVALENCES 4. • Data collection • respondent’s cooperation • social & cultural context • relationship with the interviewer • response style • yea-saying pattern • nay-saying pattern • extreme response style • item non-response pattern somi

28. THE RESEARCH PROCESS & INTERNATIONAL ISSUES RESEARCH PROCESS INTERNATIONAL ISSUES Geography & distance Cultural Lack of marketing knowledge Differing perspective Problem identification Construct equivalence Measurement equivalence Sampling equivalence Selection of research design Secondary data - Accuracy - Comparability - Reliability - Source Primary data - Respondent bias - Researcher bias Information gathering Data collection Analysis & interpretation Comparability of results Local biases in results Eliminate self-reference criterion Avoid culturally offensive conclusions Dissemination of results Somi

29. BGF. INTERNATIONAL MARKETING MINI TEST 2 – APRIL 27. 2012 DURATION: 15 MINUTES – QUESTIONS ARE OF EQUAL VALUE (10% / question) – ONLY ONE (1) POSSIBLE ANSWER FOR EACH QUESTION – MARK X THE CORRECT ANSWER – ONLY MARK (X) ONE BOX FOR EACH QUESTION OTHERWISE YOUR ANSWER WILL BE IGNORED PLEASE THINK CAREFULLY – ALTERNATIVE ANSWERS CAN BE VERY SIMILAR, HOWEVER ONLY ONE CORRECT ANSWER POSSIBLE FOR EACH QUESTION. Questions are based on lectures so far. somi

30. TIME IS THE BEST KEPT SECRET OF THE RICH. somi