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The Rise and Struggles of Jamestown: America's First Permanent English Colony

Established in 1607 by the Virginia Company, Jamestown was England's first permanent settlement in America. John Smith's leadership during the "Starving Time" faced challenges from Native Americans and harsh conditions. Notably, the introduction of tobacco by John Rolfe and the establishment of the House of Burgesses in 1619 marked significant economic and political developments. Despite these advances, conflicts arose, leading to Bacon's Rebellion and highlighting the complexities of colonial governance, land ownership issues, and the introduction of slavery, shaping future American society.

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The Rise and Struggles of Jamestown: America's First Permanent English Colony

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  1. English Settlements Virginia Company -Joint Stock Company -owned by shareholders Jamestown, 1607 (est. by merchants) a town to make $ John Smith- granted a charter to set up Gov’t “Starving Time” -Winter 1609 – NA’s killed settlers’ livestock/prevented them from hunting -Dysentary – inflamed intestines from drinking river water

  2. Virginia Company English Settlements: -Joint Stock Company Jamestown, 1607 (est. by merchants) a town to make $ John Smith- captured by NA’s, saved by Pocahontas *(not married to her, Disney is misleading) “Starving Time” -more colonists -1st democratic gov’t House of Burgesses-— First government in Jamestown, Virginia—It was a form of representative democracy

  3. Jamestown- 1st Permanent English Colony • House of Burgesses-—1619 First government in Jamestown, Virginia—It was a form of representative democracy • It had little power, but it marked the beginning of self-gov’t in Colonial America • 1619 – First slaves imported from Africa to America Why is this ironic?

  4. Jamestown- VA GEOGRAPHY!- Important Key -tobacco as a cash crop John Rolfe- introduced tobacco, married Pocahontas Pocahontas- daughter of chief Powhatan

  5. Jamestown- VA -headright system 50 acres to each new colonist- given to settlers willing to cross the Atlantic and help populate America -indentured servants- Paid for their trip to America with servitude -first slaves imported - 1619

  6. Native American Religion • What did the N.A. worship? • What did they respect? • What was the white man doing to their religion? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TkV-of_eN2w

  7. Clash with Indians -desire for land led to conflicts -NA’s and Europeans have very different ideas about land ownership European feelings of superiority -no intermarriage with Indian groups (for now) Fought wars with Powhatan Indians -Virginia becomes a royal colony so that King’s Army can protect settlers – King was not pleased with Virginia

  8. First Rebellion -Indian dispute on the frontier? (Colonist wanted more land) -Colonists ask for protection from Virginia Gov’t, but were denied -Bacon’s Rebellion -Nathaniel Bacon led the frontier colonists in a rebellion against the Virginia gov’t -showed signs of discontent with leadership – they would not be restricted by Gov’t Policy

  9. First Rebellion -Bacon’s Rebellion -Nathaniel Bacon led the frontier colonists in a rebellion against the Virginia gov’t -showed signs of discontent with leadership – they would not be restricted by Gov’t Policy Many of those rebelling were former indentured servants Why would Bacon’s rebellion make slavery more appealing to wealthy Virginians??

  10. Please Put an X over the next box “Religious Refugees”

  11. Pilgrims -Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion -Plymouth Massachusetts-- 1620 -Mayflower Compact (contract) -set up direct democracy for the colony -leads to traditions of town meetings -colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops Thanksgiving---Squanto -William Bradford “Of Plymouth Plantation”

  12. Massachusetts Bay -Puritans -wanted to rid the English church of Catholic traditions- wanted to purify/ reform Anglican Church -Pilgrims on a religious journey -John Winthrop -”City on a Hill”- sermon be an example to the world -settled in Massachusetts (Formed Mass) -strong connection between church and state -strict adherence to Puritan rules -no religious tolerance (Witch trials)

  13. Puritan Dissent Because of tight community controls some individuals began to offer dissenting opinions Roger Williams -Believed in the Separation of Church and State and was exiled from the colony and founded Providence R.I. Anne Hutchinson -Her belief in individual worship challenged Puritan leaders and she was banished in a famous trial and fled to R.I.

  14. Indian Resistance -some cooperation but short lived NA’s don’t really want/need the white man -disease, land, and religion caused disputes -Pequot War, 1637 massacre of Indians -King Philip’s War lots of death on both sides, but colonists win and Indian Resistance fades -opened Southern New England to white settlers

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